The legislations have been promulgated in many states that remove barriers to large-scale beneficial re-use of waste materials. As a result, there is a renewed emphasis on incorporating suitable waste products into highway construction. Fly ash is one of these materials, and is increasingly being used as fill materials for highway embankments, and as grout mixes for road bases. In most cases, a...

A new type of in-situ hydraulic permeameter was developed to determine vertical hydraulic conductivity (VHC) of saturated sediments from hydraulic experiments using Darcy's law. The system allows water to move upward through the porous media filled in the permeameter chamber driven into sediments at water-sediment interface. Darcy flux and hydraulic gradient can be measured using the system, an...

Stomatal conductance in trees is related to both foliar carbon-isotope abundance and stem hydraulic properties. By combining these relationships, I hypothesized that carbon-isotope abundance in foliage should vary with limitations to water movement through supporting branches. I sampled Douglas-fir branches (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) from six sites across a climate gradient in Orego...

Generally, the evaluation and assessment of the critical condition of rill formation are useful for a better understanding of soil erosion processes. The inherence characteristics of soils, which have much dynamic variations on the hillslopes and are affected by rill formation, are the soil critical shear stress and soil erodibility factors. This study aims to assess experimental rill incision ...

where P represents the pressure gradient between the pulmonary artery and the pulmonary vein, F, the blood flow per unit time, and R. the vascular resistance. For a given pressure gradient and flow rate, R will be determined, among other things, by the physical dimensions of the chaniiels that the blood traverses. In a rigid hydraulic system this formula applies over a wide range of flow and pr...

Generally, the evaluation and assessment critical condition of rill formation are useful for a better understanding of soil erosion processes. The inherence characteristics of soils, which have much dynamic variations on the hill-slopes and are affected by rill formation, are the soil critical shear stress and soil erodibility factors. This study aims to assess experimental rill incision thre...