BACKGROUND Constipation is a common problem worldwide. Constipation can be primary or secondary. Primary constipation is subdivided in slow transit constipation, normal transit constipation, and dyssynergic defecation. Colon transit time (CTT) is the most basic and primary tool in evaluating disorders of colonic motility. CTT helps to differentiate between types of constipation and plan the tre...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The diagnosis and quantification of microangiopathy in dementia is difficult. The assessment of small-vessel disease requires expensive and sophisticated nuclear medicine techniques. This study was performed to identify microangiopathy related to the integrity of cerebral microcirculation by sonographic measurements (arteriovenous cerebral transit time [cTT]). METHODS W...

The C-terminal tail (CTT) of the HIV-1 gp41 envelope (Env) protein is increasingly recognized as an important determinant of Env structure and functional properties, including fusogenicity and antigenicity. While the CTT has been commonly referred to as the "intracytoplasmic domain" based on the assumption of an exclusive localization inside the membrane lipid bilayer, early antigenicity studie...

There are two currently popular statistical frameworks for addressing measurement problems namely Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT). This study is aimed empirically to examine the similarities and differences in the parameters estimated using these two frameworks. For this purpose, firstly the model assumptions and the goodness of fit analyses were checked for IRT. The ...

Course timetabling is a typical problem that all universities around the world have to face every semester. There exist a number of variants of this problem, depending on the specific requirements of the institution involved [13]. Thanks also to the international timetabling competition ITC-2007 [11], two formulations have, to some extent, lifted up to the status of “standard”. These are the so...

BACKGROUND In areas with high clarithromycin resistance, bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT) is recommended instead of clarithromycin triple therapy (CTT) as the first-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori eradication. METHODS Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing BQT to CTT were identified through electronic and manual searches. A meta-analysis was performed to compare the efficacy and to...

INTRODUCTION Overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), particularly MMP-2 and MMP-9, has been correlated with poor prognosis in several cancer types including lung, colon and breast. Noninvasive detection of MMP expression might allow physicians to better determine when more aggressive cancer therapy is appropriate. The peptide CTT (CTTHWGFTLC) was identified as a selective inhibitor ...

Abstract Determination of accurate anti-A/-B titers is important for treatment selection in ABO-incompatible stem cell and solid-organ transplants. The standard method ABO antibody titration the conventional tube test (CTT). Dithiothreitol (DTT) commonly used to inactivate IgM component. aim this study was compare six different methods observe effectiveness DTT on estimation. A total 90 healthy...

Colon transit time measurement with radio-opaque markers is a method of studying the passage of luminal contents throughout the colon. Overall colonic transit time (CTT), as well as segmental transit times [right (RTT), left (LTT) and rectosigmoid (RSTT)], can be calculated. We hypothesize that CTT is influenced by faecal impaction when the rectum is emptied infrequently. The aim of this study ...