A cyclodextrin dimer has been synthesized with two beta-cyclodextrins linked by a flexible chain containing a carbon-carbon double bond. This dimer binds and solubilizes a phthalocyanine-based photosensitizer that generates singlet oxygen on irradiation. When the complex is irradiated, the singlet oxygen cleaves the carbon-carbon link, and the cyclodextrins are released, liberating the photosen...

The objective of this review article is to explain the use of cyclodextrin in the different routes of drug administration. The article gives the chemistry of cyclodextrins and addresses the issue of the mechanism of drug release from cyclodextrin complexes. Dilution, competitive displacement, protein binding, change in ionic strength and temperature and drug uptake by tissues are the different ...

Inclusions of lidocaine hydrochloride in cyclodextrins were prepared to obtain stable complexes compatible for association with chlorhexidine in a new gel formulation for use in urogenital applications. Two cyclodextrins, β-cyclodextrin and methyl-β-cyclodextrin, were used for encapsulating lidocaine hydrochloride through solubilization and kneading techniques. The lidocaine-cyclodextrin comple...

The effect of the reaction conditions (substrate concentration, enzyme dosage, and pH) on cyclodextrin production by cyclodextrin glucanotransferase from Bacillus megaterium was investigated by applying mathematical modeling methods. Adequate models were developed and they were used for determination of the optimal conditions for maximal formation of beta-cyclodextrins at minimal concentrations...

Cyclodextrins, some of the select molecules exhibiting properties that are beneficial across multiple industries, are naturally occurring cyclical oligosaccharides with a lipophilic inner cavity and a hydrophilic exterior. These characteristics enable cyclodextrins to surround and bind lipophilic molecules while maintaining aqueous solubility. Agrochemistry, analytical chemistry, food, nutraceu...

Complexes of cyclodextrins with amino acid analytes are produced in the gas phase and are ideal for the study of molecular recognition. In this Account, we discuss the evidence for the presence of gas-phase inclusion complexes and the nature of the interaction. The use of cyclodextrins as chiral selectors in gas-phase guest-exchange reactions is illustrated, and the nature of the enantioselecti...

The aggregation status of chlorophyll a (Chl a) and the ability of four cyclodextrins, hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD), hydroxypropyl-gamma-cyclodextrin (HP-gamma-CD), heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin (DIMEB), and heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin (TRIMEB), to solubilize the pigment in the complete cellular medium RPMI 1640 was estimated by means of UV-Vis a...

Cyclodextrins (CDs) are a family of cyclic oligosaccharides composed ofα-(1, 4) linked glucopyranose subunits. CDs have been found as potential candidates because of their ability to alter physical, chemical and biological properties of guest molecules through the formation of inclusion complexes. Pure cyclodextrins that were suitable for pharmaceutical applications did not come available until...

Per-O-methylated cyclodextrins containing a single 2-O-(2-acetate), 2-O-(3-propanoate) or a 6-carboxylate were investigated for glycosidase activity on p-nitrophenyl glycosides. The former two compounds displayed enzyme catalysis giving rate accelerations of 500-1000, while the latter compound gave marginal catalysis. These results show that per-O-methylated cyclodextrins direct substrate bindi...

We compared the complex forming ability of α-, β- and γ-cyclodextrins (α-CD, β-CD and γ-CD) with their open ring analogs. In addition to the native cyclodextrins also modified cyclodextrins and the corresponding maltooligomers, functionalized with neutral 2-hydroxypropyl moieties, were synthesized. A new synthetic route was worked out via bromination, benzylation, deacetylation and debenzylatio...