The presence of volatile methyl siloxanes (VMSs) presents challenges for using landfill and digester gases as energy fuels because of the formation of silicon dioxide deposits during combustion. This study looks at the feasibility of using biological treatment to control VMSs. Biotrickling filters removing octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), selected as a model VMS, from aerobic and anaerobic wa...

We present and evaluate a new compiler, called D4, targeting the Decision-DNNF language. As the state-of-the-art compilers C2D and Dsharp targeting the same language, D4 is a top-down treesearch algorithm exploring the space of propositional interpretations. D4 is based on the same ingredients as those considered in C2D and Dsharp (mainly, disjoint component analysis, conflict analysis and non-...

The eyespot of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a photoreceptive organelle required for phototaxis. Relative to the anterior flagella, the eyespot is asymmetrically positioned adjacent to the daughter four-membered rootlet (D4), a unique bundle of acetylated microtubules extending from the daughter basal body toward the posterior of the cell. Here, we detail the relations...

Density functional theory (DFT) has provided deep atomic-level insights into the adsorption behavior of aromatic molecules on solid surfaces. However, modeling surface phenomena large mineral surfaces with accurate plane wave methods (PW) can be orders magnitude more computationally expensive than localized atomic orbitals (LCAO) methods. In present work, we propose a less costly approach based...

Stem Cell Factor (SCF) initiates its multiple cellular responses by binding to the ectodomain of KIT, resulting in tyrosine kinase activation. We describe the crystal structure of the entire ectodomain of KIT before and after SCF stimulation. The structures show that KIT dimerization is driven by SCF binding whose sole role is to bring two KIT molecules together. Receptor dimerization is follow...

OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to explore the presence and the distribution of D4 dopamine receptors in postmortem human prefrontal cortex, by means of the binding of [3H]YM-09151-2, an antagonist that has equal affinity for D2, D3 and D4 receptors. It was therefore necessary to devise a unique assay method in order to distinguish and detect the D4 component. METHOD Frontal cortex samples...

In guinea pig airways, contractions induced by leukotriene D4 or antigen are thought to be mediated primarily by an action of the agonist or of released mast cell-derived mediators directly on the airway smooth muscle cell. An indirect contractile action mediated by endogenous tachykinins also has been described for both of these stimuli. The present study evaluated the contribution of endogeno...

Dopaminergic dysfunction in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. On the other hand, administration of the NMDAR antagonist phencyclidine (PCP) impairs PFC functions and induces a broad range of schizophrenic-like symptoms, thus has been widely used as an animal model for schizophrenia. This study sought to determine the mechanism by which PCP ...

Rate coefficients for terminal acetate (g-O2CCH3) substitution from the [Mo3(l3-O)2(l-O2CCH3)6 (g-O2CCH3)3] anion were examined in polar protic (D2O and methanol-d4), polar aprotic (DMSO-d6 and DMF-d7) and acidic solvents (acetic acid-d4). Reaction rates were determined using variable-temperature H NMR and found to span orders of magnitude depending on the solvent (k K (s!1) = 7.2 " 10!6 for D2...