Rapid economic growth in Northwest China has been accompanied by a dramatic increase in carbon emissions. Based on the two-level Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) method, this study decomposes changes in energy-related carbon emissions in Northwest China during 1995–2012 from the regional and provincial perspectives. Further, by constructing an expanded decomposition model of the decoupling...

treatment of bath operators by considering two limiting cases for the coupling strengths of system-bath and pure-bath, namely: (i) J < β and (ii) β ≪ J [recall Eq. (18)]. In case (i), the coupling to the environment induces slow dynamics while the environment itself has fast dynamics. In case (ii), the coupling to the environment is fast but relatively stable due to the environment’s slow inter...

Many heteronuclear NMR experiments employ decoupling to collapse the heteronuclear multiplet, using decoupling schemes with a periodic phase modulation like WALTZ, MLEV, or GARP. Because of the periodic nature of these schemes, cycling sidebands are generated, whose intensity can be strongly reduced by decoupling asynchronously. We show that the most common implementation of asynchronous decoup...

Decoupling via the Similarity Renormalization Group (SRG) of low-energy nuclear physics from high-energy details of the nucleon-nucleon interaction is examined for two-body observables and few-body binding energies. The universal nature of this decoupling is illustrated and errors from suppressing high-momentum modes above the decoupling scale are shown to be perturbatively small.

A new decoupling control structure is presented for complex industrial processes, which consists of a feedback controller, a decoupling compensator and a feedforward compensator for unmodeled dynamics. Using this structure, an intelligent decoupling control system is established which realizes an adaptive decoupling control strategy for industrial processes with integrated complexities by using...

Decoupling is a general principle that allows us to separate simple components in a complex system. In statistics, decoupling is often expressed as independence, no association, or zero covariance relations. These relations are sharp statistical hypotheses, that can be tested using the FBST Full Bayesian Significance Test. Decoupling relations can also be introduced by some techniques of Design...

China has overtaken the United States as the world’s largest producer of carbon dioxide, with industrial carbon emissions (ICE) accounting for approximately 65% of the country’s total emissions. Understanding the ICE decoupling patterns and factors influencing the decoupling status is a prerequisite for balancing economic growth and carbon emissions. This paper provides an overview of ICE based...

The decoupling of direct payments from production, introduced in the recent reform of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is expected to make production decisions more marketoriented and farmers more productive. However, ex-post analyses of the productivity of farms have yet to uncover any evidence of a positive impact of the decoupling policy on farm productivity. Using Irish, Danish and Dutc...

One hint that Theorem 0.1 might be more tractable than Theorem 0.2 is that the maximum value of p is the critical exponent in multilinear restriction. Our proof of Theorem 0.1 indeed uses multilinear restriction as an input. This lecture is divided into 3 parts. First are the “multiscale tools”; a statement of some of the properties of the decoupling problem that makes arguments at different sc...

It is known that requiring a controlled system to be decoupled may increase costs in terms of some performance measures. However, decoupling may be desirable from an applied perspective. This paper gives an explicit quantiication of the costs of decoupling. In particular, the average quadratic tracking error is used to quantify performance. The analysis exploits the parametrisation of all decou...