In recent years, the scalability of web applications has become critical. Web sites get more dynamic and customized. This increases servers’ workload. Furthermore, the future increase of load is difficult to predict. Thus, the industry seeks for solutions that scale well. With current technology, almost all items of system architectures can be multiplied when necessary. There are, however, prob...

A microgrid is an eco-friendly power system because renewable sources are used as main power sources. In the islanded operation mode of a microgrid, maintaining the balance between power supply and power demand is a very important problem. In the case of surplus supply, decreased generation output and/or charge of distributed storages can be applied to solve the imbalance between power supply a...

Recently DRAM and PRAM hybrid main memory organization has been studied in order to address the high levels of energy dissipation in DRAM based main memory. It is expected that this new memory architecture will be used soon in mobile computers which use NAND Flash memory based storages. In such computers, legacy operating system functionalities like file system and memory system should be modif...

To reduce the negative effect of climate change on Biodiversity, the use of geological CO2 sequestration has been proposed; however leakage from underwater storages may represent a risk to marine life. As extracellular homeostasis is important in determining species' ability to cope with elevated CO2, we investigated the acid-base and ion regulatory responses, as well as the density, of sea urc...

With the largest installed capacity of wind power and solar PV in world, China is experiencing an approximately 10% curtailment major northern provinces. The combined heat (CHP) units account for over 50% local thermal generation capacity, hardly making contributions to ancillary services due complex coupling constraints, thus are barriers renewable energy integration. This paper explores oppor...

Electricity, water, and gas systems are critical infrastructures that are sustaining our daily lives. This paper studies the joint operation of these systems through a proposed optimization model and explores the advantage of considering the system of systems. Individual and joint optimizations are studied and compared. The numerical results show that the total electricity cost for these three ...

The rapid growth of the power demand in the transport sector results in a dramatic increase of carbon dioxide emissions. This is only one of many reasons why alternative drive concepts, especially electric mobility, have never been more in focus than today. A future change from combustion engines to electric drives leads to additional loads, which gives rise to the necessity to take corrective ...