We address the problem of how to integrate fault-tolerant external and internal clock synchronization. In this paper we propose a new external/internal clock synchronization algorithm which provides both external and internal clock synchronization for as long as a majority of the reference time servers (servers with access to reference time) stay correct. When half or more of the reference time...

Urbanization causes environmental impacts that threaten the health of aquatic communities and alter their recovery patterns. In this study, we evaluated the diversity of intertidal fish in six areas affected by urbanization (areas with native vegetation, deforested areas, and areas in process of restoration of vegetation) along an urban waterfront in the Amazon River. 20 species were identified...

We reconstructed the history of Chatthin Wildlife Sanctuary (CWS) to understand how social and economic events, and policy changes affected the sanctuary's condition. We surveyed 25 villages surrounding CWS to evaluate past and present ecological conditions, compare the results with historical accounts and identify causal relationships. During the first half of the 20th century, the primary thr...

Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLA)-degrading Amycolatopsis sp. strains K104-1 and K104-2 were isolated by screening 300 soil samples for the ability to form clear zones on the PLA-emulsified mineral agar plates. Both of the strains assimilated >90% of emulsified 0.1% (wt/vol) PLA within 8 days under aerobic conditions. A novel PLA depolymerase with a molecular weight of 24,000 was purified to homogeneit...

Wetwood samples from standing trees of eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides), black poplar (Populus nigra), and American elm (Ulmus americana) contained high numbers of aerobic and anaerobic pectin-degrading bacteria (10 to 10 cells per g of wood). High activity of polygalacturonate lyase (</=0.5 U/ml) was also detected in the fetid liquid that spurted from wetwood zones in the lower trunk whe...

During 2001, we used active acoustical sampling (Anabat 11) to survey foraging habitat relationships of bats on the Savannah River Site (SRS) in the upper Coastal Plain of South Carolina. Using an a priori information-theoretic approach, we conducted logistic regression analysis to examine presence of individual bat species relative to a suite of microhabitat, stand, and landscape-level feature...

19 To assist in the design of enhanced reductive dechlorination systems for in situ remedia-20 tion of chlorinated solvent source zones, the software BUCHLORAC (BUffering of 21 deCHLORination ACidity) was developed to predict the amount of buffer required to 22 maintain the groundwater pH in a DNAPL treatment zone within the optimal range for 23 dechlorinating bacteria. Reductive dechlorination...

The action of lysophosphatidyl choline, LPC, on myelinated fibres in the dorsal white matter of the spinal cord of the adult mouse has been studied electron microscopically, and compared with the recently described activity of LPC in the peripheral nerve fibre. Control injections of sterile isotonic saline and injections of LPC both produced oedematous zones in the white matter; within these zo...