People often identify justice with impartiality. This reflects reality: many who experience injustice complain of biased treatment. But whether bias is objectionable depends on a prior commitment to an ideal of nondomination. I advance this claim by reference to impartiality arguments defended by Brian Barry and Amartya Sen. Then I sketch a historical account of impartialist ventures that shows...

This article explores the theoretical underpinnings of critical media literacy and analyzes four different approaches to teaching it. Combining cultural studies with critical pedagogy, we argue that critical media literacy aims to expand the notion of literacy to include different forms of media culture, information and communication technologies and new media, as well as deepen the potential o...

since there are various views on the civil society, in this paper the writer first introduces two main views, a limited view and a broad view, explaining the concept based on these two views. the two views, formed by social and political theorists, are firmly grounded in political and social literature. to explain the concept, the writer introduces the indexes of the civil society, the most imp...

The establishment of irrevocable democracy, the rule of law, free market economic relations, and the protection of fundamental human rights have not yet assumed key significance in the South Caucasus countries. Consequently, all pressing problems of the region continue to intensify, keeping the region politically and economically unstable. Given contending geopolitical and geoeconomic interests...

In recent years, political parties have adopted Online Delegative Democracy platforms such as LiquidFeedback to organise themselves and their political agendas via a grassroots approach. A common objection against the use of these platforms is the delegation system, where a user can delegate his vote to another user, giving rise to so-called super-voters, i.e. powerful users who receive many de...

Observation shows that while democracy is fragile in poor countries, it is impregnable in developed ones. To explain this pattern, I develop a model in which political parties propose redistributions of incomes, observe the result of an election, and decide whether to comply with the outcome or to launch a struggle for dictatorship. Democracy prevails in developed societies because too much is ...

........................................................................................................ 3 1. What is democracy? Short review of conceptual definitions.................... 4 2. The empirical spreading of democracy in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries: The need for distinguishing between different qualities of democracy ........................................................

In this paper I study the relationship between political democracy, interstate rivalry, and militarized interstate conflict. Past research has shown dyadic democracy to have a strong pacifying effect on relations between states; democracies have rarely if ever gone to war against each other. Much of the research in this area has been static and cross-sectional in nature, though, overlooking the...