The submodules with the property of the title ( a submodule $N$ of an $R$-module $M$ is called strongly dense in $M$, denoted by $Nleq_{sd}M$, if for any index set $I$, $prod _{I}Nleq_{d}prod _{I}M$) are introduced and fully investigated. It is shown that for each submodule $N$ of $M$ there exists the smallest subset $D'subseteq M$ such that $N+D'$ is a strongly dense submodule of $M$ and $D'bi...

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a typical radio frequency identification system (rfid) includes one reader and a number of tags. the reader transmit to commands to the tags with interrogation radio signals, and tags receive the command and then respond with their identification. readers with interrogation signals can read tags’ responses. in rfid systems, when multiple tags respond to one reader simultaneously, tag collision ...

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems are emerging as a practical means of auto-identification in a wide variety of applications in the modern era and as one of the most pervasive computing technologies in history. A typical RFID system is usually composed of four parts: tag, RFID reader, RFID middleware and application system. The host system seeking between the hardware and the enterp...

We discuss the effects of synchrotron self-absorption in the prompt emission from the reverse shock of GRB afterglows in a dense environment, such as the wind of a stellar progenitor or a dense ISM in early galaxies. We point out that, when synchrotron losses dominate over inverse Compton losses, the higher selfabsorption frequency in a dense environment implies a bump in the reverse shock emis...

Problem statement: The research presented in this study looks into Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs) environment that has varying node densities, called heterogeneous density environment. Such environment can be roughly associated with situations varying from areas struck by disasters to normal city environments. Approach: This study improved the performance of existing MANETs routing protocols b...