Knowledge about internal anatomy plays a crucial role in the success of the root canal treatment. Many studies on internal anatomy have repeatedly reported that maxillary lateral incisors have only one canal. The primary aim of this article was to describe successful non-surgical retreatment of a permanent maxillary lateral incisor with two root canals and open apices. The treatment was carried...

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the importance of knowledge of the internal anatomy of root canals for the success of endodontic treatment. Lack of knowledge of anatomic variations and their characteristics in different teeth has been pointed out as one of the main cause of endodontic therapy failure. Dental operating microscope plays a key role in the identification of canal and su...

For a restorative dentist as well as an Endodontist, the dental operating microscope offers a large number of benefits such as: improved diagnosis especially in case of cracked teeth; better visualization of pulp chamber, root canal orifices and calcifications present; identification of complex root canal systems; effective cleaning and shaping and its visualization thereafter; improved control...

Nonsurgical endodontic therapy of a right maxillary first molar with three roots and seven root canals. This unusual morphology was diagnosed using a dental operating microscope (DOM) and confirmed with the help of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. CBCT axial images showed that both the palatal and distobuccal root have a Vertucci type II canal pattern, whereas the mesiobuccal root s...

The removal of fractured rotary nickel-titanium instruments from small, curved root canals is one of the most complex operative procedures in endodontics. There have been many different devices and techniques developed to remove fractured instruments, but none are consistently successful and all show a high incidence of canal damage such as perforation. A technique using a staging platform and ...

This study examined the effect of the access size and straight-line path of access on third-year dental students' ability to locate a second mesiobuccal (MB2) canal in maxillary first and second molars. One hundred and six third-year dental students at one Faculty of Dentistry performed simulated root canal treatment with the aid of 2x magnification loupes on extracted teeth. A postgraduate end...