introduction: morphine withdrawal syndrome is mediated via several central and peripheral neurological pathways. in the present study we investigated the role of n-methyl-d aspartic acid (nmda) glutamate receptor on naloxone-induced withdrawal syndrome in morphine-conditioned mice. materials and methods: we designed two separate experiments. in experiment one, 30 male nmri mice were divided int...

BACKGROUND The objective of this study is to evaluate the force-deflection behavior of beta-titanium alloy wires between two leveled and unleveled bracket alignment scenarios using a three-point bending test. METHODS Six groups of ten beta-titanium alloy wire segments (0.017 × 0.025-in. diameter) of different manufacturers (Orthometric, Ortho Organizers, GAC, Morelli, and Ormco) were used. Bo...

We argue differences between the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang with Quenched disorder (KPZQ) and the Ballistic Deposition with Power-law noise (BDP) models, using the multiaffine analysis method. The KPZQ and the BDP models show mono-affinity and multiaffinity, respectively. This difference results from the different distribution types of neighbor-height differences in growth paths. Exponential and power...

The skip list was introduced by Pugh in 1989 as a data structure for dictionary operations. Using a binary tree representation of skip lists, we obtain the limit law for the path lengths of the leaves in the skip list . We also show that the height (maximal path length) of a skip list holding n elements is in probability asymptotic to c log, / n, where c is the unique solution greater than 1 of...

We study the stochastic control-stopping problem when data are path-dependent and of polynomial growth. The approach is based on backward differential equations (BSDEs for short). turns into a specific reflected BSDE with Lipschitz coefficient which we show existence uniqueness solution. then establish its relationship value function problem. optimal strategy exhibited. Finally in Markovian fra...

This paper presents a general paradigm for the design of packet routing algorithms for fixed-connection networks. Its basis is a randomized on-line algorithm for scheduling any set of N packets whose paths have congestion c on any bounded-degree leveled network with depth L in O(c+L+ logN) steps, using constant-size queues. In this paradigm, the design of a routing algorithm is broken into thre...

The Hayward Tuning Vine is a software interface for exploring the system of microtonal tuning known as Just Intonation. Based ultimately on prime number relationships, harmonic space in Just Intonation is inherently multidimensional, with each prime number tracing a unique path in space. Taking this multidimensionality as its point of departure, the Tuning Vine interface assigns a unique angle ...

Early studies of mine reclamation emphasized trees for revegetating minesoils. Scientists of the USDA Forest Service transplanted four tree species in 1946 into leveled or unleveled overburden near Georgetown, OH, and into unleveled overburden near Dundee, OH. Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) had good initial survival on both sites but died in later years due to locust borers (Megacyllene...