Aims. In this paper, we aim to study the time dependence of sunspot group areas in a large sample composed various databases spanning over 130 years, used state-of-the-art statistical methods. Methods. For carefully selected but unbiased sample, use Bayesian modelling fit temporal evolution combined umbral and penumbral area spot groups with skew-normal function determine existence any asymmetr...

The nature of the self-sustained reaction reactive materials is dependent on physical, thermal, and mechanical properties reacting materials. These behave differently at nano scale. Low-dimensional nanomaterials have various unusual size transport properties. In this review, we summarize theoretical experimental reports effect melting temperature, heat capacity, enthalpy, surface energy scale b...

we investigate the boundary-value problem generated by the sturm-liouville equation withdiscontinuous coefficients, eigenparameter dependent boundary conditions and transmission conditionsat the point of discontinuity. with a different approach we introduce an adequate hilbert spaceformulation, investigate some properties of eigenvalues, green’s function and resolvent operator, andfind simple c...