Assessment of coronary artery stenosis severity depends on either determination of the anatomic dimensions of the stenosis by angiographic techniques or assessment of the functional significance of the stenosis by measurement of its effect on blood flow. Measurement of myocardial blood flow during maximal pharmacological vasodilation (vasodilator reserve) has been used to examine the functional...

purpose: to evaluate the effect of stenosis nature on success of silicone intubation for nasosolacrimal duct stenosis (nlds) in adults (patent nasolacrimal duct with resistance to positive-pressure irrigation) methods: an interventional case series of consecutive monocanalicular and bicanalicular silicone intubation for nasolacrimal duct stenosis in adults were reviewed. the severity of the ste...

Continuous-wave Doppler sonography is a reliable method for detecting severe subclavian stenosis and occlusion as well as subclavian steal. Intermediate stages leading to subclavian steal can also be detected. These are characterized by a cardiac-phase-dependent alternating flow direction in the vertebral artery. Some cases of proximal subclavian or proximal vertebral artery stenosis produce a ...

introduction: tracheal stenosis is normally caused by trauma, infection, benign and malignant tumors, prolonged intubation or tracheostomy. the best treatment for tracheal stenosis is resection and anastomosis of trachea. yet the major surgical complication of tracheal surgery is postoperative stenosis. the goal of this paper is to study the result of tracheal stenting as a replacement therapy ...

In cases of congenital esophageal stenosis due to tracheobronchial remnants, symptoms of partial esophageal obstruction appear at the time of weaning or during early childhood. In the absence of esophagitis, esophagram combined with cinefluoroscopy demonstrates fixed stenosis of distal esophagus and appears to be diagnostic. Dilatation of rigid stenosis is invariably unrewarding and surgic...