background & aim: thecurrent population of the world is seven billion, and developing countries account for its 97%. approximately 210 million pregnancies annually occur worldwide and 75-80 million of them are reported to be unintended. multiple factors can contribute to unintended pregnancy, which need to be assessed to design interventions reducing the incidence of unintended pregnancies.this...

maternal mortality refers to the death of a woman who dies during pregnancy or within six weeks after delivery. a number of factors contribute to the high maternal mortality ratio around the globe, particularly, in underdeveloped countries. pakistan has the highest mortality ratio (260 per 100,000 live births) in the region and is one of the developing countries which have committed to decrease...

a case control study was performed in three districts in hormozgan province in 2001 to assess how different determinants affect on malaria morbidity. it assume that results will help the decision makers in all levels of national development program. a total of 384 febrile patients with positive peripheral blood smear were selected as case group, and 753 people with negative peripheral blood sme...

background: the virulence of a pathogenic vibrio cholerae is dependent on a discrete set of genetic determinants. in this study, we determined the distribution of virulence determinants among the clinical and environmental isolates of v. cholerae. methods: the antibiotic resistance profiles of the isolates were determined using standard disk diffusion assay. pcr assay was performed to analyze t...

the aim of the current investigation was to evaluate the sedentary lifestyle of the polish population and its link with prolonged sitting in light of individual and environmental factors.the sample consisted of 1505 polish people between 18 and 64 years old. the computer-assisted telephone interview (cati) survey was conducted with the polish version of international physical activity questionn...

Recent interest in the social determinants of health (SDOH) and the effects of neighborhood contexts on individual health and well-being has grown exponentially. In this brief communication, we describe recent developments in both analytical perspectives and methods that have opened up new opportunities for researchers interested in exploring neighborhoods and health research within a SDOH fram...

The articulation of strong evidence and moral arguments about the importance of social determinants of health (SDH) and health equity has not led to commensurate action to address them. Policy windows open when, simultaneously, an issue is recognised as a problem, policy formulation and refinement happens and the political will for action is present. We report on qualitative interviews with 20 ...

Most countries worldwide have recognised the significance of contextual social determinants of health (SDH) on population health. This essay challenges current public health views focused on individual risk-factors and motivates an evidence-informed debate in this matter. I argue that despite both international consensus and a growing body of evidence to support the relevance of addressing such...

To date, Ontario public health units (PHUs) have generally neglected the social determinants of health (SDH) concept in favor of risk aversion and behaviorally oriented health promotion approaches. Addressing SDH and responding to the presence of health inequities is required under the Ontario Public Health Standards and is a component of provincial public health documents and reports. Neverthe...

BACKGROUND In order to improve the health of the most vulnerable groups in society, the WHO called for research on the multiple and inter-linking factors shaping the social determinants of health (SDH). This paper analyses four key SDH (social cohesion, social inclusion, social empowerment and socioeconomic security) across six Asia-Pacific countries: Australia, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, T...