1. The Executive Secretary is circulating herewith, for the information of participants in the seventh meeting of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice (SBSTTA), a background paper prepared by the International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) on on-farm management of crop genetic diversity. This information note supplements the progress report by the Ex...

This position paper presents arguments for including the properties of processes involved in various approaches to component-based software development in predicting system properties. It discusses how processes impact on system properties and relates the issues raised to standards that already address process and product quality. Although many standards still apply, CBD changes interpretations...

This thesis extends the previous literature on urban subcenter formation by introducing congestion cost of transportation. A new model is constructed to analyze the efficiency of private decision about firm decentralization with the presence of unpriced transportation congestion. The model features a linear city with provision of transportation infrastructure oriented toward carrying workers to...

Since its implementation of economic reforms and open door policy, China has rapidly transformed itself from a socialist planned economy to socialist market economy. Guangzhou and Shanzhen are earmarked as the pioneering and experimental cities within the network of cities in Pearl River Delta Region in implementing various market reform measures. Taking advantage of its close proximity with Ho...

The ecosystem approach--as endorsed by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CDB) in 2000-is a strategy for holistic, sustainable, and equitable natural resource management, to be implemented via the 12 Malawi Principles. These principles describe the need to manage nature in terms of dynamic ecosystems, while fully engaging with local peoples. It is an ambitious concept. Today, the term is c...

Eye donors were identified who had X-chromosome photopigment gene arrays like those of living deuteranomalous men; the arrays contained two genes encoding long-wavelength sensitive (L) pigments as well as genes to encode middle-wavelength sensitive (M) photopigment. Ultrasensitive methods failed to detect the presence of M photopigment mRNA in the retinas of these deutan donors. This provides d...

The goal of the study was to evaluate spectral opponency in nine X-chromosome-linked color-defective observers. The tasks included increment threshold spectral sensitivity on an achromatic background, heterochromatic flicker photometry, and colorimetric purity discrimination. With a task of heterochromatic flicker photometry, the anomalous trichromatic observers showed spectral sensitivity of t...

BACKGROUND Two TB control strategies appropriate for South Asia (a community-based DOTS [CBD] strategy and a family-based DOTS [FBD] strategy) have been shown to be effective in Nepal in meeting the global target for the proportion of registered patients successfully treated. Here we estimate the costs and cost-effectiveness of the two strategies. This information is essential to allow meaningf...

Little evidence is available on the strength of the association between ambient air pollution exposure and health effects in developing countries such as South Africa. The association between the 24-h average ambient PM(10), SO(2) and NO(2) levels and daily respiratory (RD), cardiovascular (CVD) and cerebrovascular (CBD) mortality in Cape Town (2001-2006) was investigated with a case-crossover ...

color blindness is a common x-linked genetic disorder. however, most of color blinds remain undetected due to absence of proper screening. our study was to determine the prevalence of red-green color vision defects among manipuri muslim males and females. the study could help in decreasing birth of children with this disorder as muslims commonly perform consanguineous marriage among themselves....