many organizations use information technology (it) to improve their performance in the business and operations. but, most of the it projects suffer from a high risk of failure when implemented. recently, many studies have been attended on the concept of critical success factors (csfs) in order to affect the rate of success, but a little effort has been focused on developing strong models to fac...

this paper using endogenous growth models based on research and development, has investigated two economic relations in three groups of countries included developed countries, developing countries and a mixed group of both mentioned ones. at first, the effects of r&d; activities on patent growth have examined and then the relation between volume of patent and growth rate in these groups has sur...

developed technology, has enabled sophisticated computer software named as “electronic agent” initiate and complete transactions without human intervention. having considered the notion of electronic agents, this paper is going to consider their legal nature and analyze treatments taken by writers, international instruments, national laws and legal procedures on electronic agents. finally this ...