this manuscript illustrates how the human resource management concept of employee empowerment likely has benefits in both developed and developing economies. studies in the hospitality sector and the manufacturing sector in canada, india, and turkey show that, in general, empowering supervisory behaviors, such as transformational leadership, increase feelings of psychological empowerment of emp...

Pharmaceuticals have brought tremendous health beneŽ ts to developing countries, but existing pharmaceuticals are often underused or misused, and pharmaceutical R&D on health problems speciŽ c to poor countries is woefully inadequate. The role of pharmaceuticals and medical technology in improving health in developing countries stands in contrast to the historical experience of the developed co...

tion via high-tech telecommunications technologies. While saving time, energy and money to visit a medical specialist, patients will be given more opportunities to get high-quality healthcare services. From a healthcare provider’s perspective, telehealth has the benefits of improving the continuity of care, offering an opportunity of continuing education and increasing cooperation in diagnosis ...

impact on industrialized nations. We have learned much about operating systems, networking, software tools, and languages from Linux. We have also had the opportunity to disseminate this information to industry in Pakistan. In particular, our work on networking, security, and firewalls1 has assisted many Internet service providers here. Linux provides the developing world access to the Unix/X W...