In recent years the clinical significance of the electrolyte balance of the blood has become increasingly realized, and was the subject of a leader in the Lancet. This has also been stressed by other workers (Baumann, 1952; Black, 1953; Graham, 1954; Wynn and Rob, 1954). The following investigation was carried out with a view to finding whether a rapid screening test could be of practical clini...

When talented, motivated and highly trained athletes meet for competition the margin between victory and defeat is usually small. When everything else is equal, nutrition can make the difference between winning and losing. Although the primary concern of many athletes is to supplement the diet with protein, vitamins and minerals, and a range of more exotic compounds, key dietary issues are ofte...

Since Smith (1930) and Keys (1933) studied water and electrolyte exchanges in the eel much work has been done on osmoregulatory problems in teleosts, and the fundamental principles of osmoregulation in this group have now been established. The freshwater teleost drinks little and urinates abundantly to compensate for osmotic water uptake through the gill; the marine teleost drinks abundantly ('...

tation of the outside world, including its chemical (taste and olfaction) and physical (mechanical, sound, vision and temperature) features. In this review we examine recent advances in our understanding of the biology of taste, focusing on receptors, cells and the logic of taste coding at the periphery. Taste is in charge of evaluating the nutritious content of food and preventing the ingestio...

.................................................................................................................. 10 Chapter 1: Introduction............................................................................................ 11 Study Aims...................................................................................................... 15 Hypothesis.....................................

Effects of fixed cation-anion balance on acid-base status and calcium and phosphorus balances were examined. Pregnant and lactating goats were fed a diet of alfalfa hay, concentrate and minerals to vary the cation-anion balance [meq sodium (Na) + meq potassium (K)-meq chloride (Cl)]/100 g diet dry matter (DM) over the range found in ruminant feeds. Small but significant effects on ruminal pH, f...

We performed metabolic balance studies in 77 preterm infants fed on human milk or adapted formulas, to determine the renal solute load and compared it with the potential renal solute load estimated by the composition of the diet or the urine according to Ziegler's, Bergman's, and Shaw's calculations. The renal solute load found in preterm infants was lower than that observed in young full term ...