From subtle political intrigue to outright physical combat, conflict is essential to interesting stories. Narratology research emphasizes that conflict provides structure and engagement, so narrative systems stand to benefit greatly from a computational model of this phenomenon. We present such a model based on AI planing, along with formulas for measuring seven essential properties: participan...

Four different measures based on a product oriented view of user interfaces are introduced. Different types of user interfaces can be described and differentiated by the powerful concept of "interaction points". Regarding to the interactive semantic of "interaction points" (FIPs), 4 different types of FIPs must be discriminated. Based on the concept of interaction points, the dimensions "feedba...

The purpose of this paper is to draw attention to the widespread occurrence of quotient spaces in statistical work. Quotient spaces are intrinsic to probability distributions, residuals and interaction in linear models, covariance functions and variograms of stochastic processes, etc. The theme is that explicit recognition of the quotient space can offer surprising conceptual simplification. Th...

The BubbleFish uses Augmented Reality to let its users maintain digital documents spatially in the physical environment as an alternative to the currently dominating file/folder approach in desktop based computer systems. The style of interaction provided by the document manager follows the principles of direct manipulation, but takes the issue of directness at the interface further by providin...

The Henstock-Kurzweil approach, also known as the generalized Riemann approach, has been successful in giving an alternative definition to the classical Itô integral. The Riemann approach is well-known for its directness in defining integrals. In this note we will prove the Fundamental Theorem for the Henstock-Kurzweil-Itô integral, thereby providing a characterization of Henstock-Kurzweil-Itô ...

The great amount of gene expression data has brought a big challenge for the discovery of Gene Regulatory Network (GRN). For network reconstruction and the investigation of regulatory relations, it is desirable to ensure directness of links between genes on a map, infer their directionality and explore candidate biological functions from high-throughput transcriptomic data. To address these pro...

OBJECTIVES To present an overview of the effect of cochlear implantation on tinnitus in adults with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and Embase databases were searched for articles from database inception up to January 13, 2015. METHODS A systematic search was conducted. Original studies reporting on cochlear implantation and the effect on...

Escape enables prey to avoid an approaching predator. The escape decision-making process has traditionally been interpreted using theoretical models that consider ultimate explanations based on the cost/benefit paradigm. Ultimate approaches, however, suffer from inseparable extra-assumptions due to an inability to accurately parameterize the model's variables and their interactive relationships...