Background and Aims: Measles remains one of the leading causes of childhood morbidity and mortality in developing countries and is still a major public health concern in developed countries. Although live attenuated vaccine is used throughout the world, out breaks of disease still occur in many countries including Iran. Methods: The present study was performed to evaluate the immune status aga...

Most well established neglected tropical disease (NTD) programs have seen great progress towards disease control or elimination. Areas in conflict, however, are a looming challenge to reaching control and elimination targets. To be successful, programs and partners need to creatively adapt to local circumstances and embrace new colleagues not traditionally seen as NTD implementers.

The pharmacokinetic profile of atracurium was studied in normal patients and in patients with renal failure, renal-hepatic failure, or hepatic disease. Its short elimination half-life was not significantly altered by renal failure, but in patients with severe liver disease elimination of its metabolites was prolonged, necessitating care during long-term i.v. infusions in patients with hepatic d...

conclusions schistosomiasis is one of the major tropical and communicable diseases in the eastern mediterranean region (emr). however, today it is eliminated in iran by schistosomiasis control practices. results on the basis of our results, using a national program for schistosomiasis control based on active and passive case finding, snail control programs, education of people, conducting train...

background and aims: measles remains one of the leading causes of childhood morbidity and mortality in developing countries and is still a major public health concern in developed countries. although live attenuated vaccine is used throughout the world, out breaks of disease still occur in many countries including iran. methods: the present study was performed to evaluate the immune status agai...

When a new infectious disease emerges, memory cells from previous exposure to related, but different, micro-organism may become activated. This phenomenon has been termed the original antigenic sin. induced antibodies against related would be not functional, sin impair effectivity of primary response. Otherwise, turn out virtue because response contribute elimination emerging disease.

Leprosy, one of the oldest diseases known to man, is a stigmatising, potentially disabling disease. Throughout history, leprosy has been associated with fear, prejudice and immense social stigma. It remains one of the leading causes of deformity and physical disability from an infectious disease. Tremendous advances in leprosy control were made by the World Health Organization, and the 'elimina...