We introduce and give formal definitions of attack–defense trees. We argue that these trees are a simple, yet powerful tool to analyze complex security and privacy problems. Our formalization is generic in the sense that it supports different semantical approaches. We present several semantics for attack–defense trees along with usage scenarios, and we show how to evaluate attributes.

Executive Summary Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are a major cause of disruption for networks and the distributed applications they host. With enhancements of routers and intermediate network devices and appliances, the level of attention given to DDoS attacks has reduced over time, as they have been viewed as less of a security issue. These traditional volumetric attacks were oft...

In today’s networks one major problem, especially for Service Providers, is related to various attacks either active or passive. Denial of Services (DoS) is one of the most difficult to detect and stop. Denial of Service (DoS) and its derivative, Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) are some of the most common attacks. There are many types of DoS: Buffer Overflow, SYN attacks, teardrop attack, ...

Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks are a variant of Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks where an attacker or a group of attackers employ multiple machines to carry out a DoS attack simultaneously, therefore increasing its effectiveness and strength. DDoS attacks in the networks needs to be prevented or handled if it occurs, as early as possible and before reaching the victim. Dealing with...

Although denial of service attack has been becoming a fast-growing concern in security research, previous work focused on a type of classical denial of service caused by resource exhaustion. In this paper, a different type of network denial of service attack is discussed. Since traditional models and countermeasures are not applicable, we discuss solutions that can defend this non-classical ser...

The phenomenal growth and success of Internet has changed the way traditional essential services such as banking, transportation, medicine, education and defence are operated. Now they are being progressively replaced by cheaper and more efficient Internet-based applications. In present era, the world is highly dependent on the Internet and it is considered as main infrastructure of the global ...

Denial of Service (DoS) or Distributed-Denial of Service (DDoS) is major threat to network security. Network is collection of nodes that interconnect with each other for exchange the Information. This information is required for that node is kept confidentially. Attacker in network computer captures this information that is confidential and misuse the network. Hence security is one of the major...