The present paper reports evidence of an immunological relationship between one variety or type of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisi~e and the Type II variety of Diplococcus pn,umoni~e (Pneumococcus). The immunological interrelationships among the different yeasts have never been well established, but it is certain that all of the yeasts included by the species term Saccharomyces cerevisi~ are n...

In 1993, the federal government passed the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA), which gives eligible employees twelve weeks of job-protected unpaid leave from work per year to address family issues. Employees are eligible for family leave under the FMLA if they have worked for their employer for at least a year, accumulating at least 1,250 work hours. Employers are covered if they employ at lea...

Traditional newborn dried blood spot screening (NDBS) has expanded in recent years to include upwards of 50 different conditions in many states. Once the screening tests are complete, the residual blood specimens (RBSs) that remain are most often available for quality assurance and public health research. The articles by Botkin et al1 and Bombard et al2 contained in this issue of Pediatrics inv...

PURPOSE To determine the influence of gender on weekly work hours of Ontario dentists. METHODS In 2012, a 52-item survey was sent to a random sample of 3000 Ontario dentists (1500 men and 1500 women) to collect information on personal, professional and sociodemographic characteristics. The resulting data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and linear regression modeling. RESULTS The ...

OBJECTIVES Polish Labour Code provides employees with a range of solutions (benefits) supporting them in achieving balance between work and private life. This paper was aimed at indicating availability and the use of legal benefits supporting work-life balance (WLB) among Polish workers of small and medium enterprises. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study sample included 219 respondents, aged 22-64...

This study investigates whether rights to parental leave improve pediatric health. Aggregate data are used for 16 European countries over the 1969 through 1994 period. More generous paid leave is found to reduce deaths of infants and young children. The magnitudes of the estimated effects are substantial, especially where a causal effect of leave is most plausible. In particular, there is a muc...

Anesthesiologists perform a broad spectrum of tasks. However, in many countries, there is no legal basis for personnel staffing of physicians in anesthesia. Also, the German diagnosis related groups system for refunding does not deliver such a basis. Thus, in 2006 a new calculation base for the personnel requirement that included an Excel calculation sheet was introduced by the German Board of ...

This paper provides a detailed decomposition analysis of the gender differences in workplace training throughout the working life with a particular focus on parental leave and supervisors using personnel records from a large German firm. Females obtain less training during the early career, and more at higher age. The timing of the training gap seems to be driven by diverging career paths assoc...

the purpose of this study was to investigate disability and medical leave due to psychiatric disorders in patients referred to comission for psychiatric and neurological consultation of 682 patients who had been referred to the comission during 1993-94. results showed that psychiatric disorders and mood disorders led to occupational disability and medical leave at a significantly higher rate th...

Family-Friendly Work Practices in Britain: Availability and Perceived Accessibility Using linked data for British workplaces and employees we find a low base rate of workplacelevel availability for five family-friendly work practices – parental leave, paid leave, job sharing, subsidized child care, and working at home – and a substantially lower rate of individual-level perceived accessibility....