The grounding of all commercial aircraft within U.S. airspace for the 3-day period following the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks provides a unique opportunity to study the potential role of jet aircraft contrails in climate. Contrails are most similar to natural cirrus clouds due to their high altitude and strong ability to efficiently reduce outgoing infrared radiation. However, they typic...

Over the last 60 years, the resources and the research in the Danish Twin Registry (DTR) have periodically been summarized. Here, we give a short overview of the DTR and a more comprehensive description of new developments in the twenty-first century. First, we outline our experience over the last decade of combining questionnaire and survey data with national demographic, social, and health re...

[1] The recent observed global warming trend over land has been characterised by a faster warming at night, leading to a considerable decrease in the diurnal temperature range (DTR). Analysis of simulations of a climate model including observed increases in greenhouse gases and sulphate aerosols reveals a similar trend in the DTR of 0.2 C per century, albeit of smaller magnitude than the observ...

The diurnal temperature range (DTR) at weather observation stations that make up the U.S. Historical Climatology Network was evaluated with respect to the predominant land uselland cover associated with the stations within three radii intervals ( 100, 1000, and 10 000 m) of the stations. Those stations that were associated with predominantly rural land uselland cover (LULC) usually displayed th...

Bcl-x(L), a member of the Bcl-2 family, inhibits many pathways of apoptosis when overexpressed in the cell cytosol. We examined the capacity of Bcl-x(L) fusion proteins to bind cells from the outside and block apoptosis. Full-length Bcl-x(L) protein at micromolar concentrations did not affect apoptosis when added to cell media. To increase uptake by cells, Bcl-x(L) was fused to the receptor-bin...

Glycosylation determines essential biological functions of epithelial mucins in health and disease. We report on the influence of glycosylation of the immunodominant DTR motif of MUC1 on its antigenicity. Sets of novel glycopeptides were synthesized that enabled us to examine sole and combined effects of peptide length (number of repeats) and O-glycosylation with GalNAc at the DTR motif on the ...

AIM To establish an inducible liver injury mouse model and transplant human hepatocytes to obtain liver-humanized mice. METHODS We crossed three mouse strains, including albumin (Alb)-cre transgenic mice, inducible diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR) transgenic mice and severe combined immune deficient (SCID)-beige mice, to create Alb-cre/DTR/SCID-beige (ADSB) mice, which coincidentally harbor Al...

The kinetics of enantiomerization and dynamic thermodynamic resolution (DTR) of N-Boc-2-lithiopiperidine have been measured, revealing significant differences in enthalpy and entropy for these processes and a role for the achiral ligand TMEDA; the racemization and the DTR are catalytic and first order in [TMEDA], and this has implications for asymmetric synthesis with chiral organolithiums.

The epithelial mucin MUC1 is an important tumor marker of breast cancer and other carcinomas. Its immunodominant DTR motif, which is the principal target for immunotherapeutic approaches, has been assumed until recently not to be glycosylated in both normal and tumor MUC1 and to acquire its immunogenic conformation by virtue of a certain number of tandem repeats. We present evidence that the an...

Two experiments tested the impact of the Disrupt-Then-Reframe (DTR) technique on compliance. This technique is comprised of a subtle, odd element in a typical scripted request, the “disruption”, followed by a persuasive phrase, the “reframing”. Based on the thought-disruption hypothesis (Petty & Wegener, 1999), we argued that its impact is generalizable across interpersonal selling situations a...