Numerous human genes display dual coding within alternatively spliced regions, which give rise to distinct protein products that include segments translated in more than one reading frame. To resolve the ensuing protein structural puzzle, we identified 67 human genes with alternative splice variants comprising a dual-coding region at least 75 nucleotides in length and analyzed the structural st...

We introduce the bilingual dual-coding theory as a model for bilingual mental representation. Based on this model, lexical selection neural networks are implemented for a connectionist transfer project in machine translation.

This paper describes the development of a dual-rate Sinusoidal Transform Coder in which a 2400 b/s coder is embedded as a separate packet in the 4800 b/s bit skream. The underlying coding structure provides the flexibility necessary for multirate speech coding and multimedia applications.

Trypanosoma brucei is transmitted between mammalian hosts by the tsetse fly. In the mammal, they are exclusively extracellular, continuously replicating within the bloodstream. During this stage, the mitochondrion lacks a functional electron transport chain (ETC). Successful transition to the fly, requires activation of the ETC and ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation. This life cycle le...

Backward Coding of Wavelet Trees (BCWT) is an extremely fast wavelet-tree-based image coding algorithm. Utilizing a unique backward coding algorithm, BCWT also provides a rich set of features such as resolution-scalability, extremely low memory usage, and extremely low complexity. However, BCWT in its original form inherits one drawback also existing in most non-bitplane codecs, namely coarse b...

Selecting the incorrect control during the operation of underground bolting and drilling equipment causes serious injuries. Shape coding and the layout of dual control banks are two aspects of control design which require further examination. The aims of this research were: (i) to determine whether arbitrary shape coding was effective in reducing selection error rates in a virtual analogy of ro...

In this work, we consider the use of multiple antenna signaling technologies, specifically space-time block coding (STBC) and spatial multiplexing (SM) schemes, in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems employing dual polarized antennas at both ends. The use of dual-polarized antennas theoretically double the number of virtual antennas used in the system. On the other hand,...

How visual information is encoded in spikes of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is essential in visual neuroscience. In the present study, we investigated the coding properties of mouse RGCs with dual-peak patterns with respect to visual stimulus intervals. We first analyzed the response properties, and observed that the latencies and spike counts of the two response peaks in the dual-peak pattern...

This study investigated 57 participants’ (N= 57) perceptions towards dual-coding in design of audio-only listening texts (i.e. re-provision the same form + keywords or supplementary contextual visuals at non-initial phases while-listening stage, and (full) captions final stage) adaptable hypermedia environments (HEs) for foreign language learning (FLL). The also aimed to find out whether there ...