—Maternal defensive behavior against predators may appear risky but is common in many species. Herein we describe maternal defensive behavior of mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) against Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) predatory attempts. We found that Golden Eagles attacked goats in 1.9% of sightings (n = 311 sightings of active Golden Eagles over 12 years) but were never successful. Mothe...

talon cusp is an accessory cusp similar to a projection, extending from the cingulum or cemento-enamel junction to the incisal edge. it occurs on labial or palatal surfaces of primary or permanent anterior teeth in both arches. this accessory cusp can occur as an isolated entity or in association with other dental anomalies. occurrence of a talon cusp on supernumerary teeth is rare and uncommon...

The Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias fannini Chapman, 1901 in the Pacific northwest appears to have modified nesting behaviour in response to the strong recent recovery of the Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus (L., 1766)) population. Previously undescribed, herons now often nest in close association with some breeding eagles, even though eagles depredate heron nestlings, are implicated in the...

A unique community of four syntopic eagle species exists in north-central Kazakhstan. Questions about behaviour and genetics in these four species would benefit from the development of microsatellite markers. We isolated eight polymorphic microsatellite repeats (AAAG) n from the eastern imperial eagle ( Aquila heliaca ) genome using a hybridization enrichment technique. These loci revealed mode...

Wintering raptor populations were monitored between 1983 and 1988 in a 35 km2 study area centered 8 km north-northeast of the city of Boulder, Colorado. Raptors congregated around active prairie dog (Cynomys sp.) colonies. Golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) , ferruginous hawks (Buteo regalis), and red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis ) were observed hunting and capturing prairie dogs. Bald eagles...

The talon cusp, or dens evaginatus of anterior teeth, is a relatively rare dental developmental anomaly characterized by the presence of an accessory cusplike structure projecting from the cingulum area or cementoenamel junction. This occurs in either maxillary or mandibular anterior teeth in both the primary and permanent dentition. This article reports five cases of talon cusp, two of them bi...

A limited study on two ranches near Dillon, Montana, near the end of the lambing season in 1974 revealed that 44 domestic lambs were killed by golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos). This was 76 percent of all deaths recorded during the short study. Using an average docking percent of 90 (based on years before severe eagle problems developed), the 76 percent eagle predation, and the 1974 docking per...

Gemination with talon cusps is an uncommon morphologic dental anomaly, characterized by the formation of clinically wide tooth that can cause significant aesthetic and clinical problems including esthetic impairment, pain, caries susceptibility, and tooth crowding. These morphological dental anomalies have specific treatment needs due to the abnormal morphology and need virtuous radiologic diag...

This article reports an uncommon case of talon cusp on a geminated permanent maxillary central incisor, including details of the clinical and radiographic findings and treatment. A 28-year-old woman presented at the university dental clinic, and intraoral examination revealed a maxillary central incisor of abnormal size with a prominent accessory cusp on the lingual aspect. The case was diagnos...