animal agricultural production systems are major sources of nonpoint pollution affecting quality of water sources. nitrogen has been identified as the foremost source of nonpoint water pollution  and the potential negative impacts of n have become an area of public concern. protein degradation from feed ingredients is an important factorinfluencing aa supply to the duodenum. ruminal proteolysis...

For more than three decades, infectious diseases have been one of the major causes economic losses in global shrimp industry. One deadliest pathogens is white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), which mass mortality farmed shrimp. Various aspects WSSV pathogenicity studied, but this review, we will focus only on them, namely metabolic reprogramming. WSSV’s modulation host metabolism affects glycolysis,...

fasting induces short-term physiological adaptations which spare the body's remaining carbohydrate stores and mobilize lipid stores to provide a substitute fuel for many tissues and organs, especially skeletal muscle. rodent studies show that regular occurrence of fasting then refeeding, stimulates adaptations in muscle which make the animal better placed to withstand a further period of fastin...

conclusions according to the results of the present study, aerobic exercise at moderate intensity and proper time can be considered as a special treatment to prevent diabetes complications and related disorders, particularly obesity. objectives this study aimed to determine whether in patients with type 2 diabetes, substrate oxidation and energy expenditure were affected by the type of intensit...

how to cite this article: ahmadabadi f. neurometabolic registry site in iran. iran j child neurol autumn 2012; 6:4 (suppl. 1): 21. pls see pdf.

football participation requires considerable utilization of both aerobic and anaerobic energy systems to match the high energetic demands of the sport. the consequent stresses imposed on the physiological and metabolic systems carries players to the threshold of exhaustion during match-play, from which they are required to recover in preparation for the subsequent game. a high number of players...

although some vitamins have been shown to prevent glucocorticoids induced osteoporosis in short time, the magnitude of this effect remains to be clarified. the aim of this study was to evaluate protective effect of vitamin d3 on methylprednisolone acetate (mpa) induced osteoporosis in rats. twenty-four male sprague dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: group a (n = 6), was a base ...

phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) has been shown to be present in plants and animals, playing different metabolic roles in different tissues. the basic role of this enzyme is its contribution in the gluconeogenesis pathway. evidences have shown that pepck may play a role in metabolism of nitrogenous compounds in developing seeds of legumes. in this research, pepck gene expression and th...

chicken has been used as a suitable model for lipid metabolism studies, because dietary modifications especially dietary fat type can change chicken body composition. fats act as a condense source of energy and certain fatty acids such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas) are required for both animal and human health. the n-3 pufas, especially, eicosapentaenoic acid (epa) and docosahexaenoic ...