The theme of this article is the importance – and the many causes – of lowlevel equilibrium “traps.” Rosenstein-Rodan pointed out that spillovers may cause the return to an activity to increase with the number of others who undertake that activity. If spillovers are strong enough, both lowand high-level equilibria are possible, with no tendency of market forces to lead from the worse to the bet...

a purpose of zagros forests preservation plan is to reduce degradation factors through empowering woodman beneficiaries and underdevelopment of rural forested areas which appear as scattered agronomies inside and in forest margins, trees cutting for power supply, trees cutting for hay supply or making coal in forested regions. therefore, natural resources experts believe that, by creation or im...

Hemifacial microsomia is a rare congenital malformation of craniofacial structures. Its characteristic features are unilateral underdevelopment of the face and ear malformations. This study describes clinical and radiographical features of a rare case of a 4-year-old hemifacial microsomia patient with underdevelopment of the left side of the face and preauricular skin tags on the affected side...

Market transformation of post-socialist countries was accompanied by innovative activity slowdown against the background of considerable economic recession and further crisis. The former economic system was characterized by selective approach to the innovations. Particularly, in the former Soviet Union, including Ukraine, demand on the innovations within military-industrial complex prevailed. I...