First-order logic (FOL) is undecidable — that is, no algorithm exists that can decide whether a formula of FOL is valid or not. However, there are various fragments of FOL that are known to be decidable. FO, the two-variable fragment of FOL, is one of such languages [1,2]. FO is a first-order language where formulas have maximally two variables, no function symbols, but possibly do have equalit...

Several models have been proposed for scheduling the preventive maintenance (PM) of complex repairable systems in industry. These are often application-speci"c and some make unrealistic assumptions about stationarity of the process and quality of repairs. We investigate two principal types of general model, which have wider applicability. The "rst considers "xed PM intervals and is based on the...

Macro measurement is a long and arduous process that impinges upon the system of national accounts. The challenge it raises is driven by the demand of economic policy. In present time the need will arise with sustainable growth that mixes environmental concern and development policy. It calls for no less than a sea change in national accounting, from a system of income and expenditure accounts ...

The natural advantages of enterprises in capital, technology, and equipment make them have great potential disaster management. How to ensure participate prevention mitigation efficiently is a responsibility that the government must undertake, on other hand, it can also relieve pressure government. This paper first introduces continuous improvement enterprises’ role Then, this analyzes politica...

The debate in forensic science concentrates on issues such as standardisation, accreditation and de-contextualisation, in a legal and economical context, in order to ensure the scientific objectivity and efficiency that must guide the process of collecting, analysing, interpreting and reporting forensic evidence. At the same time, it is recognised that forensic case data is still poorly integra...

Injection velocity is a key variable in injection molding process. The dynamics of injection velocity is largely affected by the control valves used in the hydraulic system. Previously, it has been controlled precisely using advanced control algorithms based on servo-valves. However, this increased significantly the capital and maintenance costs. In this paper, the injection velocity was contro...

This study investigates the effect of the external debt burden on economic growth and development of Nigeria .It adopted regression analysis of OLS on secondary data sourced from CBN, Economical and Financial review, Business times, Financial Standard and relevant publication from Nigeria on variable like National Income, Debt Service Payment, External Reserves, Interest rate among others. The ...

Distributed Generation (DG) is a new approach in the electricity industry to meet the electrical demand growth in a suitable manner. This paper presents a solution method for the distribution expansion panning problem including DG. The proposed algorithm is based on binary particle swarm optimization. The aim of the model is to find the optimal planning of the expansion to meet the load growth....