A latex particle agglutination test is described which is suitable for the recognition of heat-labile enterotoxin-producing colonies of Escherichia coli immediately after primary culture on a variety of commonly used enteric diagnostic media. The test is simple and economical to perform, and the results are available in minutes.

As Haptic devices become more affordable and economical, research in Haptic-based virtual rehabilitation systems is gaining more interest. In addition to the benefits provided by virtual rehabilitation, Haptics offer force and tactile feedback which can be crucial for much upper and lower extremity rehabilitation. In this paper, we present such a system that provides a rich media environment fo...

This study investigates the effects of  macroeconomic variables and their role in development of foreign exchange market. The foreign exchange market is the mechanism by which a person of firm transfers purchasing power form one country to another, obtains or provides credit for international trade transactions, and minimizes exposure to foreign exchange risk. The foreign exchange transaction i...

New salicylaldimine nickel complexes, comprising only earth-abundant elements, have been developed for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution in aqueous media. The second-sphere ether functionalities on the periphery of the complexes enhance the electrocatalytic activity in the presence of alkali metal cations. The electrocatalysts demonstrate improved performances especially in the economical and...

Inducible production of proteins from cloned genes in E. coli is widely used, economical, and effective. However, common practices can result in unintended induction, inadvertently generating cultures that give poor or variable yields in protein production. Recipes are provided for (1) defined culture media in which expression strains grow to saturation without induction, thereby ensuring stabl...

Background The large-scale production of biopharmaceuticals, such as monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), commonly requires the use of serum-free medium, for both safety and economical reasons. However, because serum is such an essential supplement of the growth medium of most mammalian cells, its removal demands a very time-consuming process of cell adaptation. In this process, cells are usually subj...

The present paper describes enhancement of lignans, phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin present in Phyllanthus amarus plant. Supplementation was done to enhance secondary metabolites by modifying the media and treatment with different growth promoters and abiotic elicitors to increase the content of hepatoprotective bioactives in immobilized cell cultures, after incubation for 21 days. MS medium wa...

the effect  of  economical and manure eiements on the mentha piperita growth and function.to study the effect of economical and manure elements on the mentha piperita growth and function experimentally compeletly accidentaly performed with four amount of manure and 3 levels of iron little nutritious and zinc by 3 replication the replications involved the manure in 4 levels (0, 15, 25, 35) tonne...

Background An economical strategy for producing microalgae as biofuel feedstock is driven by the freshwater and nutrients input. In this study, seawater was applied to limnetic algal cultivation and the behavior of algae in seawater media was observed including growth, lipid synthesis, and ultrastructure. To make seawater cater algae, a kind of wastewater, anaerobically digested effluent from k...