Introduction: Presence of mentally retarded children in every family affects on the structure and mental health of family specially parents. The purpose of this research is the comparison of the mean of psychological well-being, mental health and self-esteem between parents of normal and educable students. Materials & Methods: This was causal- comparative and retrospective study and the instru...

introduction: presence of mentally retarded children in every family affects on the structure and mental health of family specially parents. the purpose of this research is the comparison of the mean of psychological well-being, mental health and self-esteem between parents of normal and educable students. materials & methods: this was causal- comparative and retrospective study and the instrum...

objectives: to investigate the effectiveness of resiliency training in improving the mother-child relationship between mothers and their children with mental retardation.  methods: this study employed an experimental design (pre-test, post-test) with the control group. the statistical population consisted of 52 mothers and their educable and mentally retarded children (3-12 years old) who were ...

toxoplasmosis is a widespread infection in the world. although the infection by toxoplasma gondii is widely prevalent in humans and animals, the disease is uncommon and most of the acquired infections are asymptomatic. the important aspect of this parasitic infection is the probable danger of congenital transmission and its severe effects on the fetus. in the present descriptive study, a total ...

Performance of educable mentally retarded (EMR) adolescents after coaching on a nonverbal reasoning task varies considerably. 5s whose scores improved markedly on the reasoning task (gainers) cannot be distinguished from those who did not benefit from the coaching experience (nongainers), when traditional IQ and school-history criteria are examined. Gainer EMRs demonstrated less rigidity than n...

background and purpose: birth of a mentally retarded child is a significant challenge in every family and is associated with the possibility of parental stress and depression. this study aimed to evaluate the self-concept of mothers with educable mentally retarded (emr) children. methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted on 40 mothers with emr children in the only special primary school...