introduction: many studies have investigated the relationship between motivation and educational outcomes. the present study was conducted to determine whether the students’ motivation in shiraz university of medical sciences (sums) decreases during educational years. methods: 770 students in sums were selected by multi-stage stratified random sampling from each field and entrance year. the fir...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have assessed the relative importance of material, psychosocial and behavioural factors in the explanation of relative socio-economic inequalities in mortality, but research into the contribution of biomedical factors has been limited. Our study examines the relative contribution of (i) material, (ii) psychosocial, (iii) behavioural and (iv) biomedical factors in the...

BACKGROUND Various indicators of childhood socioeconomic position have been related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in adulthood. We investigated the impact of shared family factors on the educational gradient in midlife CVD risk factors by assessing within sibling similarities in the gradient using a discordant sibling design. METHODS Norwegian health survey data (1980-2003) was linked ...

The aim of the article is to show importance educational activity adults in process intentional designing one’s life: flexible actions depending on needs and overcoming deficits. life-long education learning competences are essential today’s world, that why a closer look was taken research their ability perform self-directed diagnose motivation. problem examined salutogenesis paradigm, which fi...