This study uses a statistical downscaling method based on self-organizing maps (SOMs) to produce highresolution, downscaled precipitation estimates over the state of Pennsylvania in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. The SOMs approach derives a transfer function between large-scale mean atmospheric states and local meteorological variables (daily point precipitation values) of intere...

One of the most important issues in rangeland management is the estimation of carrying capacity. To estimate range production, we need to use a large number of sample plots to clip plants in a sampling scheme; therefore, due to vast area of rangelands and time and cost limitations, direct estimation of rangeland production by sampling plots is almost impossible. Since there is a strong relation...

Ice nucleation in cold clouds is a decisive step in the formation of rain and snow. Observations and modelling suggest that variations in the concentrations of ice nucleating particles (INPs) affect timing, location and amount of precipitation. A quantitative description of the abundance and variability of INPs is crucial to assess and predict their influence on precipitation. Here we used the ...

the supersaturatable self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (s-smedds) represents a new thermodynamically stable formulation approach wherein it is designed to contain a reduced amount of surfactant and a water-soluble polymer (precipitation inhibitor or supersaturated promoter) to prevent precipitation of the drug by generating and maintaining a supersaturated state in-vivo. the supersatur...

Marine organisms must possess strategies enabling them to initiate calcite precipitation despite the unfavorable conditions for inorganic precipitation in surface seawater. These strategies are poorly understood. Here we compare two potential strategies of marine calcifyers to manipulate seawater chemistry in order to initiate calcite precipitation: Removal of Mg and H ions from seawater soluti...

Abstract This research investigates the effect of drought on ground water table of Neishabour plain. The precipitation data of Nishabour synoptic station during 1990-2001, the Bar climatology station during 1964-2001 and the data of hydrometric stations of Kherv and Bar in 1996-2001 have been used as the base of analysis. The method of Herbest et all has been used to analyze the drought. Usin...

While more attention has been paid in recent years to urban point source pollution control through the establishment of wastewater treatment plants in many developing countries, no considerable planning nor any serious measures have been taken to control urban non-point source pollution (urban stormwater runoff). The present study is a screening analysis to investigate the pollution loads in ur...

The reverse co-precipitation method was used for synthesis of the pure phase multiferroic BiFeO3 (BFO) nanoparticles. Influence of different pH values on the microstructure and magnetic properties of the BFO nanopowders was investigated. Thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) technique indicated that the optimal temperature for calcination is 550°C. The phase formation and the...

The purpose of this thesis is to elucidate the concept of chemical coagulation and its application in enhancing the performance of waste stabilization lagoons. The design and analysis of a pre-pond chemical precipitation system and an in-pond chemical precipitation system are presented, compared, and contrasted to an aerated lagoon system; the design of each system includes liquid and sludge tr...