Baiyangdian (BYD) virus is a recently-identified mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes severe disease in ducks, with extremely rapid transmission, up to 15% mortality within 10 days and 90% reduction in egg production on duck farms within 5 days of infection. Because of the zoonotic nature of flaviviruses, the characterization of BYD virus and its epidemiology are important public health concer...

From September 1994 to April 1996, the aetiology of sudden decrease in egg production in commercial layer flocks was investigated. Clinical manifestations were recorded and the egg-shell quality was evaluated in 80 affected flocks. Serological screening was conducted twice at fortnightly intervals to record antibody titres against egg drop syndrome (EDS). Out of 80 flocks with lowered productio...

In current study, phagocytosis product (PP) of peripheral blood monocytes was detected among 920 dwarf chickens (460 per sex) at 20 wk of age, and based on discrepancies of PP, the flock was grouped (the highest group, the medium group, and the lowest group). Then serum hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers and subpopulations of T-lymphocytes of each group were examined after inoculations...

Viral pathogens cause devastating economic losses in poultry industries worldwide. The Caribbean region, which boasts some of the highest rates of poultry consumption in the world, is no exception. This review summarizes evidence for the circulation and spread of eight high-priority, economically important poultry viruses across the Caribbean region. Avian influenza virus (AIV), infectious bron...

Background and Aims: Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) is RNA virus responsible for upper respiratory disease in poultry which is usually accompanied by secondary bacterial infections. In Iran, some molecular and serological studies indicated that aMPV infection occurred in commercial poultry industry. Materials and Methods: In this study aMPV was molecularly identified and characterized in an affec...

In this study antibodies against avian encephalomyelitis virus was detected by indirect ELISA to test for prevalence of avian encephalomyelitis infection in commercial layer belt of Tamil Nadu. A total of 920 sera samples were collected from different age groups of commercial layers. A total seropositivity of avian encephalomyelitis virus was 79.35% and seropositivity of chicks, growers and lay...