The modern High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission technology depends on the development of power electronics based on the semiconductor devices. This paper represents a simple model of HVDC transmission system in which the converter and filter have been designed to increase stability of power transmission. The HVDC transmission system has been proposed on the basis of simulation studie...

in this article, the linear array (with 20 elements in the horizontal orientation) of microstrip antenna is examined with horizontal polarization. the set includes three microstrip substrates. there is a power network in two lower substrates and microstrip patches in the upper substrate. excitation of patches has been done as coupled through the power network in two lower substrates. using the ...

In this study, a method for estimating the efficiency of electric bicycle power train systems consisting typical components, such as an motor, gears, sprockets, and chains is presented. order to calculate system, relationship between drive motor torque road-load that exerted on rear wheel was derived, considering kinematic inertia effects friction losses transmission elements. Among factors inf...

Under the smart grid environments, Demand Response Resources (DRRs) as power system resources can effectively participate in and improve performance of electric systems. Congestion management is one of the technical challenges in which DRRs can play a significant role. Previously, congestion management is applied without considering the power system uncertainties. Therefore, a stochastic conges...

In this study, we allocate Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of electricity transmission to the consumers. As an allocation basis, we introduce energy distance. Energy distance takes the transmission load on the electricity energy system into account in addition to the amount of electricity consumption. As a case study, we estimate regional GHG emissions of electricity transmission loss in Chile. ...