Electric vehicles (EV) have become one of the most promising transportation alternatives in recent years. Due to continuously increasing gas prices and CO2 taxes, while at the same time subsidies of electrified cars run into millions, many countries such as the USA, UK, and Germany intend to bring large amounts of EVs onto their roads in the near future. As a prerequisite, an adequate charging ...

Secondary electron (SE) emission from spacecraft surfaces as a result of energetic electron bombardment is a key process in the electrical charging of spacecraft. It has been suggested that incorporating more complete knowledge of the energyand angular-distributions of secondary electrons is necessary to fully model how SE emission and spacecraft charging are affected by re-adsorption of low en...

In this work the growth, motion and charging of graupel particles are simulated by computer. The cloud fields are calculated by a three-dimensional cloud model. Anothcr program calculates the time evolution, inside these cloud fields, of graupel properties (size, position, charge and others). The electricity enters bolh in the charging of the particles through their interactions with other part...

The dependence of the electrical properties of silicon nitride on the deposition conditions used to prepare it and consequently on material stoichiometry has not been fully understood. In the present study, the influence of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) conditions on the dielectric charging of SiNx films is investigated. The work targets mainly the dielectric charging phenom...

A theoretical analysis of the circuits for a nitrogen laser driven by the Blumlein or capacitor charge transfer transmission line is given in detail. The electrical characteristics of the charge line for a special case of resonant charging are discussed and the effects of various parameters on voltage and current are investigated. By using MICRO-CAP software the transient behavior of the curren...

Due to the logical relations between theism and intelligent design (ID), there are two challenges to theism that also apply to ID. In the falsifiability challenge, it is charged that theism is compatible with every observation statement and thus asserts nothing. I argue that the contentious assumptions of this challenge can be avoided without loss of precision by charging theism (and thus ID) d...

With an electrified passenger transportation fleet, carbon dioxide emissions could be reduced significantly depending on the electric power production mix. Increased electric power consumption due to electric vehicle charging demands of electric vehicle fleets may be met by increased amount of renewable power production in the electrical systems. With electric vehicle fleets in the transportati...

Abstract—Transferring electrical power without any wiring has been a dream since late 19th century. There were some advances in this area as to know more about microwave systems. However, this subject has recently become very attractive due to their practiScal systems. There are low power applications such as charging the batteries of contactless tooth brushes or implanted devices, and higher p...

The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is used in photovoltaic system to maximize the photovoltaic array output power , irrespective of temperature , IR radiation, conditions and electrical characteristics of the load. A new MPPT system is developed consisting of DC to DC converter, which is controlled by microcontroller based unit. There are two charging stages for the proposed PV charger. At...