Traditional lightning protection practices were standardized many years prior to the recent proliferation of modern electrical and electronic equipment installations on building rooftops. This paper presents an isolated down-conductor solution that combines the advantages of the IEC 623051 series or various other national standards regarding isolated and non-isolated lightning protection method...

This invited lecture was presented at a forum organized by the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) under the auspices of the same organization that developed the publication FIPS PUB 94 “Guideline on Electrical Power for ADP Installations, ” a widely disseminated and often-cited tutorial document in the eighties and nineties. My subjects were presented within the broad scope of the forum, with e...

This paper describes a method for wire system condition monitoring, developed at the IFE Halden Reactor Project, which is based on Frequency Domain Reflectometry. This method resulted in the development of a system called LIRA (LIne Resonance Analysis), which can be used on-line to detect local or global changes in the cable electrical parameters as a consequence of insulation faults or degrada...

Evaluation of fire hazard caused by electrical installations is a difficult and important topic, it limits the possibility loss life or health people, as well occurrence significant property damage. In particular, this was power cables especially photovoltaic (PV) installations. The authors proved that directly exposed to strong solar radiation are likely exceed maximum permissible temperature ...