Here, we compared the effects of nucleofection and lipid-based approaches to introduce siRNA duplexes on the subsequent development of membrane polarity in kidney cells. Nucleofection of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, even with control siRNA duplexes, disrupted the initial surface polarity as well as the steady-state distribution of membrane proteins. Transfection using lipofectamine y...

The terahertz region (1-10 THz) has potential applications in many areas, such as chemical sensing, medical imaging and free-space optical communications. With the demonstration of terahertz sources, it is quite necessary to develop the detection technology in terahertz. Here we propose an electrically tunable quantum dot infrared photodetector to detect the terahertz region. The proposed detec...

The single polarity charge sensing method based on coplanar grid electrodes has demonstrated promising results on CZT detectors having volumes of ~1 cm. This paper presents the performance of two coplanar grid CZT detectors having dimensions of 1.5 1 5 1.0 cm2, among the largest CZT spectrometers that have been reported. Energy resolutions of 2.3% and 2.0% full-width half-maximum were obtained ...

A theoretical analysis of charged adsorbates on a metal surface reveals a pronounced polarity asymmetry between electropositive and electronegative species, thus reproducing a well known but so far not properly understood experimental fact. For ionic adsorbates on metal surfaces, we analyze the several, often cancelling, terms that contribute to the change of the interface dipole and, hence, to...