axial distributions of plasma and floating potentials, electron number density and the electron energy distribution function (eedf) have been measured in the double layer (dl) region of an he discharge constriction. excitation processes in the constriction region are studied. using a linearization method for the nonstationary balance equations and choosing appropriate discharge conditions, the ...

introduction: enlargement of the root canal may potentially affect efficient smear layer (sl) removal. the aim of the present in vitro study was to compare sl removal following canal preparation with two different sizes/tapers by means of scanning electron microscopy (sem). methods and materials: a total of 50 extracted human mandibular premolars were decoronated. the teeth were randomly divide...

Owing amongst other to its high electron mobility, fullerene C70, has been widely used as an electron transporting layer in organic solar cells. In this research, we report the use of C70 thin films as electron transport layers of planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs) using a conventional device structure. The thickness of the C70 layer has been optimized to achieve the best efficiency of 12%. I...

In 25 clinical samples serum lidocaine concentrations fell from a mean of 6.5 +/- 2.1 mg/L (mean +/- SD) to 4.9 +/- 1.8 mg/L (p less than 0.001) when the blood sample was allowed to make contact with the stopper of the Vacutainer collection tube. In vitro experiments showed that this effect of the stopper occurred only with whole blood and was dependent on sample concentration. The plasma bindi...

Vortices forming near the slag-steel interface in the mold can entrap inclusions and cause defects in continuous casting of steel slabs. Lab experiments employing a 1/3 rd scale water model were performed to quantify the effects of stopper rod asymmetry on vortex formation. Three stopperrod placements (aligned, front-misaligned and left-misaligned) were considered. Vortex formation was visualiz...

A fundamental issue in the development of concurrent programs is the resource allocation problem. Roughly speaking, it consists of providing some mechanism to avoid race conditions in the access of shared resources by two or more concurrent processes. For such a task, maybe the most widely mechanism consists of using critical sections. Unfortunately, it is also widely-known that programs which ...

This paper presents three types of microfabricated planar check valves that exploit the large compliance of elastomeric polymers such as olydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The micro-check valves consist of a thin compliant flap and a rigid stopper embedded in close proximity in a icrochannel. The flap is perpendicular to the flow and lies near the stopper, forming a restricted fluid path inside the ch...

A system of models has been developed to study transient flow during continuous casting and applied to simulate an event of multiple stopper-rod movements. It includes four sub-models to incorporate different aspects in this transient event. A three-dimensional (3-D) porous-flow model of the nozzle wall calculates the rate argon gas flow into the liquid steel, and the initial mean bubble size i...

One of the new features introdu Speed Downlink Packet Access (H protocol enhancements designed throughput to users with favorabl the N-channel stop-and-wait (SAW paper, we investigate the perform presence of the stalling of packe reordering buffer due to the N impacts of different transmission and mobile speed are also investiga

statement of the problem: root canal therapy should not simply be the extirpation of the pulp and widening of the canal. but one should also focus on how to completely remove the loosely-attached smear layer because it has adverse effects on the final outcome of the treatment. purpose: this study compared the efficacy of etidronic acid, smearclear and mtad to remove the smear layer created duri...