To facilitate electronic commerce in international trade, paper-based documents in trade procedures have to be replaced by electronic messages. This can be viewed as a business process redesign problem. In this paper we present a formal framework for representing so-called Deontic Deep Structure Models (DDSM) for business procedures. These models can be used to support the electronification of ...

Recently, online shopping has become a popular trade model. Merchants can put their goods information on a website built by the Internet platforms, such as Yahoo and eBay. This trade model facilitates customers to browse what goods the merchants sell. But the employed types of payment are not fair. In this paper, a new trade model for online shopping is proposed. This model adopts 3G mobile pho...

One of the major issues involved in establishing new trading relationships is the lack of an a priori trust relationship between the parties. Without a solution of this trust problem it is virtually impossible to establish new trade relationships. This is an old and well-known problem in international trade. One way to create the necessary trust is by using trade procedures that involve exchang...

electronic commerce, internet auctions, electronic data submissions Automated agents are increasingly being used by organisations and individuals trading in electronic markets. Agents are particularly useful in markets where trade might not have been possible otherwise, for example because a lot of information must be processed quickly, or because employing human traders in 24-hour, small trans...

Great progress has been made over the past few years in the study of the impact of IT on inter-firm trade relationships and markets. Most works in this area focus on firm boundaries (purchasing or outsourcing) or buyerseller relations in general. Although these works are based on reasonable theoretical grounding and many of them have been tested empirically, they do not provide a complete expla...

T paper examines the contribution to price discovery by electronic and voice-based trading systems in the U.S. Treasury market. Evidence shows that the electronic trading system has more price discovery and that trading automation increases the speed of incorporating information into prices. However, human trading generates significant price discovery, though its volume is low. The relative con...

In this paper, we recommend and promote global standards of the e-Trade process on the basis of ebXML & web services. For the ebXML Frameworkbased e-Trade to be facilitated, it is urgent for each country to implement and use national ebXML registry and standardize electronic documents, electronic catalog and electronic payment. In UNCEFACT, ebXML-based UN Central Registry & Repository is in the...

Rapid economic growth in Asia and the increasing transboundary movement of secondary resources will increasingly require both 3R endeavors (reduce, reuse, recycle) in each country and appropriate control of international material cycles. Recently, managing electrical and electronic waste (E-waste) has become an important target for domestic and international material cycles from the viewpoints ...