Bovine oocytes were matured, fertilized, and cultured FCM 199 with serum and co-culture) in vitro (IVMFC) with addition, during different phases of the procedure, of antioxidants: superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH). The addition of SOD (1,500 or 3,000 IU/ml) did not improve proportions of oocytes undergoing cleavage or the development of embryos to morula and blastocyst st...

27 Production of sires with high breeding potential is indispensable for prompt and reliable 28 breeding using their semen in the cattle industry. Currently, in Japan, we aim to further the 29 production of Japanese black sires via a new breeding system that uses genetically homologous 30 monozygotic twins so that better growth performance and carcass traits can be translated to the 31 increase...

Dairy industry perfected the application of the first reproductive biotechnology, i.e. artificial insemination (AI) a great success story and also remains the user of embryo transfer technology (ETT). In addition, recently the researchers taking interest to embraced the field of Transvaginal Oocyte Recovery (TVOR) and in vitro production (IVEP) of embryos. IVF provides the starting point for th...

This paper reviews the technical bases of in vitro embryo production in small ruminants with special attention to the results obtained by our group in Northeastern Brazil. The laparoscopic oocyte recovery in hormonally treated live animals indicates a promising future for the application of this technique to genetic improvement program. New molecular biology tools should provide information to ...

In vitro embryo production (IVP) is currently one of the most important biotechnologies in cattle breeding and husbandry. However, the efficiency of in vitro embryo production is still low with only 30-40% of oocytes developing into blastocysts, probably because, the in vitro environment cannot mimic in vivo environment and results in embryos that have altered morphology and gene expression. Se...

In the last century, agriculture has seen the introduction of innovating reproductive biotechnologies that have permitted this field to grow significantly. In the early 20th century, introduction of semen cryopreservation and artificial insemination has propelled animal agriculture worldwide with the possibility to import and export in a biosecure way genetics from different species. Then, with...

Embryo transfer is a multi-step process that involves the production and collection of preimplantation embryos from genetically superior females (called donors) and the subsequent transfer of the harvested embryos into reproductively healthy females (called recipients) for the purpose of establishing pregnancies and producing live offspring. The first successful embryo transfer in mammals was p...

The effect of three concentrations of silver nitrate on anther culture embryo production was studied in 27 morphotypes of Brassica oleracea. Embryo yields were significantly increased in the majority of the morphotypes by the addition of silver nitrate to the media. Embryo yields were not increased in only a few of the almost nonembryogenic accessions. The magnitude of the response to silver ni...

A function for mitochondria in the reproduction of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) in chronically and newly infected chick embryo cells was studied by using chloramphenicol and ethidium bromide. Chloramphenicol (CAM) and ethidium bromide (EB) were both shown to decrease the rate of growth of infected chick embryo cells and to inhibit the synthesis of mitochondrial macromolecules. Both drugs however ha...