We develop a two-region partial equilibrium model of the global market for liquid fuel and analyze different policies, such as biofuel mandate, emission standard, and fuel carbon tax. We rank these policies under different criteria, such as greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions, expenditure on fuel imports, the impact on fuel consumers and producers, the quantity of biofuel, etc. Our analysis suggests...

More technology implies higher welfare. Therefore, it is individually rational to cooperate on technological development. It is not individually rational cooperate on greenhouse gas emission reduction. If technology cooperation only comes with cooperation on emission reduction, incentives to free ride on the emission reduction agreement are reduced. However, countries would prefer to cooperate ...

Dietary manipulation can substantially lower ammonia (NH3) emissions from laying-hen houses or manure storage. Recent lab studies showed a reduction of 40–60% in ammonia emissions for an experimental (EcoCalTM) diet as compared the standard or control diet. However, adoption of a mitigation technology at commercial production level should be preceded by substantial field verification tests to d...

Ports offer an effective way to facilitate the global economy. However, massive carbon emission during port operating aggravates atmospheric pollution in cities. Capturing characteristics of is vital reduce GHG (greenhouse gas) maritime realm as well achieve China’s neutral objective. In this work, integrated framework proposed for exploring driving factors China ports’ emissions combined with ...

We investigate the spontaneous emission lifetime of a single trapped (40)Ca+ ion placed at different positions in the vacuum standing wave inside a high finesse cavity which is stabilized to the atomic transition. The lifetime is measured by quantum state detection after pi-pulse excitation. The result for the natural lifetime of the D(5/2) metastable state of 1161(22) ms agrees, within 1 stand...

Greenhouse gas emissions have serious impacts on the natural environment. Therefore, the restrictions imposed on carbon emission force enterprises to take carbon emission into consideration when making production decisions. In this paper, in the context of allowing emission trading and investment of emission reduction technology, models were presented for a two-stage supply chain to analyze the...

Long-term outlooks are key tools for policy design in the energy sector. These outlooks should also include scenarios considering active policies that address the challenge of climate change. Consequently such a CO2 emission reduction scenario was analysed as a case study within the ACROPOLIS project. This paper presents a method to derive regional emission targets that correspond to an emissio...

Herein a big Fe-C-Ca cycle, clarifying the basic element flows and energy flows in modern carbon-intensive industries including the metallurgical industry and the cement industry, was proposed for the first time in the contexts of emission reduction and iron ore degradation nowadays. This big cycle was focused on three industrial elements of Fe, C and Ca and thus it mainly comprised three inter...