Cryptococcus gattii is one of the causative agents of human cryptococcosis. Highly virulent strains of serotype B C. gattii have been studied in detail, but little information is available on the pathogenic properties of serotype C isolates. In this study, we analyzed pathogenic determinants in three serotype C C. gattii isolates (106.97, ATCC 24066 and WM 779). Isolate ATCC 24066 (molecular ty...

In the present study we evaluated the nature of angiotensin receptors involved in the antidiuretic effect of angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)) in water-loaded rats. Water diuresis was induced in male Wistar rats weighing 280 to 320 g by water load (5 ml/100 g body weight by gavage). Immediately after water load the rats were treated subcutaneously with (doses are per 100 g body weight): 1) vehicle ...

BACKGROUND The colonial microalga Botryococcus braunii has been brought to people's attention for its conspicuous ability to accumulate a variety of lipids including hydrocarbons. B. braunii strains are classified into 3 races based on the types of hydrocarbons. A and B races are known to accumulate high level of lipids. However, their extreme slow growth rate has impeded its application for re...

BACKGROUND Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant hamartoma disorder with variable expression for which treatment options are limited. TSC is caused by a mutation in either the TSC1 or TSC2 genes, whose products, hamartin and tuberin, function as negative regulators in the highly-conserved mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. Rapamycin (also known as siroli...

This study aimed to determine the frequency of antibodies to Neospora caninum in domestic sheep raised in Henan province, central China. Serum samples from 779 domestic sheep were collected from March 2015 to May 2016, and antibodies to N. caninum were evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed an overall IgG positive rate of 7.32% (57/779). The risk factor...

I N T R O D U C T I O N Chloride channels are present in the plasma membranes o f epithelia (Frizzell et al., 1981), nerve (Hamill et al., 1983), and muscle (Blatz and Magleby, 1985), as well as in intraceilular membranes such as Golgi apparatus (Glickman et al., Address reprint requests to Dr. Qais AI-Awqati, Depts. of Medicine and Physiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia Unive...

This paper studies the contribution of in‡ow and out‡ow rates to the unemployment dynamics in the long-run. I …nd that in the U.S., both in‡ow and out‡ow rates contribute signi…cantly to variation in the long-run trend of the unemployment rate. In‡ow and out‡ow rates account for roughly similar proportions of overall unemployment variability in the long-run. Keywords: Unemployment dynamics; Job...

INTRODUCTION. Angiogenesis is one of the critical steps in tumor growth and metastasis. Much attention over the years has been devoted to the notion that tumor blood supply can be targeted with antiangiogenic agents. Our recent study has demonstrated that a mechanism of ezrin-related metastatic behavior is linked to an mTOR pathway, and blockade of this pathway by rapamycin and its analogue CCI...