9 We herein examine the only known non-planispirally coiled early Devonian ammonoid, the 10 holotype specimen of Ivoites opitzi, to investigate if the host was encrusted in vivo and if 11 these sclerobionts were responsible for the trochospiral coiling observed in this unique 12 specimen. To test if the presence of runner-like sclerobionts infested the historically 13 collected specimen of Ivoi...

Abstract Background Ureteral stent insertion and subsequent removal remains one of the most common procedures performed in endourology. We aimed to evaluate a novel, one‐step method, permitting simultaneous guidewire passage using self‐constructed suture snare via standard cystoscopy. This method should be used prior ureteroscopy, cases minimal encrustation peri‐ureteral mucosal oedema, where i...

INTRODUCTION Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis characterized by repeated episodes of intra-alveolar haemorrhage is rare in adults and has a relatively benign course compared to cases seen in children. CASE PRESENTATION The case presented here is of an adult man with idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis with mineralizing pulmonary elastosis. CONCLUSION Pathologists are generally not familia...

Ureteral stents are widely used in urology clinics to protect urinary flow. The complications of ureteral stent implantation are observed more frequently with the increased use of these stents. Early complications of double-J (DJ) ureteral stents are stent discomfort, irritative bladder symptoms and hematuria.[1] In contrast, migration, encrustation, and fragmentation are the most frequent comp...

Seventeen species of marine invertebrates collected from the Upper Ordovician Waynesville Formation of southwestern Ohio were found encrusted by Cornulites, a presumed tubicolous annelid worm. Encrustation was interpreted as symbiotic in cases where the cornulitid tubes exhibited preferred orientation upon the exoskeleton of the host. This situation may reflect cornulitid utilization of feeding...

Bacteria classified in species of the genus Leptothrix produce extracellular, microtubular, Fe-encrusted sheaths. The encrustation has been previously linked to bacterial Fe oxidases, which oxidize Fe(II) to Fe(III) and/or active groups of bacterial exopolymers within sheaths to attract and bind aqueous-phase inorganics. When L. cholodnii SP-6 cells were cultured in media amended with high Fe(I...

Proteinaceous surface layers (S-layers) are highly ordered, crystalline structures commonly found in prokaryotic cell envelopes that augment their structural stability and modify interactions with metals in the environment. While mineral formation associated with S-layers has previously been noted, the mechanisms were unconstrained. Using Sulfolobus acidocaldarius a hyperthermophilic archaeon n...