fish may experience periods of food deprivation or starvation in nature (such as seasonal migration and reproduction) and under culture conditions (unpredictable stress such as transporting and sorting). with respect to vital role of starvation periods on body composition, the current study was carried out in autumn 2010 at international sturgeon research institute. after adaptation for one mon...

The use of noninvasive techniques to measure respiratory muscle performance after different types of endurance exercise has not been entirely successful, as the results have not consistently indicated diminished performance for similar types of exercise. The aim of the present study was 1) to compare different, noninvasive methods to assess respiratory muscle performance before and after an exh...

to survive in natural waters, bacteria must respond to a variety of environmental variables such asstarvation. flexibacter chinensis was grown and multiplied in the starvation medium and its viable count, totalcount and cell size were investigated under different temperatures. also, the effects of different nutrientsources were investigated. the survival of the organism under starvation conditi...

1 KEY POINTS • Prolonged exercise at 65-80% VO 2 max increases the production of radicals in the contracting skeletal muscles. This exercise-induced radical production often results in oxidative damage to skeletal muscle fibers and contributes to muscle fatigue. • Antioxidant supplements are widely available and are commonly consumed by endurance athletes. Arguments exist both for and against t...

Ischemia-reperfusion-induced calcium overload and production of reactive oxygen species can trigger apoptosis by promoting the release of proapoptotic factors via the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. While it is clear that endurance exercise provides cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion-induced injury, it is unknown if exercise training directly alters mitochondria phenotype...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the associations between natural selection to sports at a young age, continuity of physical activity, and occurrence of coronary heart disease. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Finland. PARTICIPANTS Former top level male athletes participating at a young age (1920-1965) in different types of sport (endurance (n = 166), power speed (n = 235), "other" (n = ...

Cancer treatment is still of the greatest challenges that health care providers and patients are facing. One of the unsolved problems in cancer treatment is cells’ reaction to metabolic stress caused by harsh nutritional conditions around tumor. In order to be able to treat this disease properly, it is important to understand the true nature of the disease. In fact, the cells inside the central...

In eukaryotes, the Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is a major cytosolic cuproprotein with a small fraction residing in the mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS) to protect against respiratory superoxide. Curiously, the opportunistic human fungal pathogen Candida albicans is predicted to express two cytosolic SODs including Cu/Zn containing SOD1 and manganese containing SOD3. As part of a co...

Leg muscle mass and strength are decreased during reduced activity and non-weight-bearing conditions such as bed rest (BR) and spaceflight. Supine treadmill exercise within lower body negative pressure (LBNPEX) provides full-body weight loading during BR and may prevent muscle deconditioning. We hypothesized that a 40-min interval exercise protocol performed against LBNPEX 6 days week(-1) would...

We have studied the mechanisms by which amino acid starvation of Escherichia coli induces resistance against the lytic and bactericidal effects of penicillin. Starvation of E. coli strain W7 of the amino acids lysine or methionine resulted in the rapid development of resistance to autolytic cell wall degradation, which may be effectively triggered in growing bacteria by a number of chemical or ...