Light is one of the most important environmental factors, acting on plants not only as the sole source of energy, but also as the source of external information, affecting their growth and development. Plants are empowered with an array of photoreceptors controlling diverse responses to light parameters, such as spectrum, intensity, direction, duration etc. These photoreceptors include the red ...

A 25-ft/s vertical drop test of a composite fuselage section was conducted with two energy-absorbing seats occupied by anthropomorphic dummies to evaluate the crashworthy features of the fuselage section and to determine its interaction with the seats and dummies. The 5-ft. diameter fuselage section consists of a stiff structural floor and an energy-absorbing subfloor constructed of Rohacel foa...

Adaptive materials with rapidly controllable and switchable energy-absorption and stiffness properties have a number of potential applications. We have developed, characterized and modeled a class of adaptive energy-absorbing systems consisting of nonlinear poroelastic composites wherein a field-responsive fluid, such as a magnetorheological fluid or a shear-thickening fluid, has been used to m...

A new Skew Tolerant Flip-Flop (STFF) that achieves the lowest reported delay and energy-delay product while absorbing up to 54ps of clock skew is described. In addition, a method for characterizing clock skew absorbing flip-flops is presented. This comparison is apples-to-apples because the best previously reported flip-flops [1-4] are fabricated on the same wafer and measured using a common te...

We propose an adaptive approach in picking the wave-number parameter of absorbing boundary conditions for Schrödinger-type equations. Based on the Gabor transform which captures local frequency information in the vicinity of artificial boundaries, the parameter is determined by an energy-weighted method and yields a quasi-optimal absorbing boundary conditions. It is shown that this approach can...