Hydrogen is a valuable gas as a clean energy source and as feedstock for some industries. Therefore, demand on hydrogen production has increased considerably in recent years. Electrolysis of water, steam reforming of hydrocarbons and auto-thermal processes are well-known methods for hydrogen gas production, but not cost-effective due to high energy requirements. Biological production of hydroge...

Waste disposal is one of the pressing problems.Millions of tons of municipal solid waste, hazardous/industrial wastes and agricultural wastes are handled daily throughout municipal areas. Each municipality confronts great challenges in disposing of its wastes in an efficient, cost effective and environmentally safe manner.Landfills in metropolitan areas are becoming full, and new ones are more ...

The USA has significant experience in the field of municipal solid waste management. The hierarchy of methodologies for dealing with municipal solid wastes consists of recycling and composting, combustion with energy recovery (commonly called waste-to-energy) and landfilling. This paper focuses on waste-to-energy and especially its current status and benefits, with regard to GHG, dioxin and mer...

Bangladesh is committed to the peaceful use of atomic energy and has signed all protocols and additional protocol of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in this regards. Bangladesh is operating nuclear facilities using radioisotopes, sealed radioactive sources (SRS) and generating radioactive wastes including spent SRS. This paper mainly focuses on the safe management of spent SRS gen...

Introduction The co-digestion of manure with other substrates such as energy crops, industrial wastes, or food industry wastes enhances biogas production. The addition of co-substrates to manure can improve the carbon to nitrogen balance which results in a stable and maintainable digestion process [1]. Co-digestion also improves the flow qualities of the co-digested substrates [2]. Perhaps the ...

The recycling of organic wastes is required from the viewpoint of environmental issues. Sewage sludge makes up about 30% of the organic wastes in Japan, and at present, the ratio is increasing (Study group on bio-waste recycling, 1999); therefore, it is important to treat and utilize the sewage sludge. Conventional treatment methods such as land filling and ocean dumping have been regulated to ...