Background& objectives: Zarrinehrud River is one of the most important permanent and water-rich rivers in West Azerbaijan province located in the catchment area of Lake Urmia. In this study, to evaluate the quality of the Zarrinehrud River, with a length of 57.5 kilometers from the outlet of Noroozlou to the drainage dam to the Lake Urmia, QUAL2K computer simulation model was used. Methods: Th...

CONTEXT Diagrams of the flow of participants through a clinical trial are recommended in the Consolidated Standards for Reporting of Trials (CONSORT) statement, but it is unclear whether such flow diagrams improve the quality of trial reports. OBJECTIVE To examine the information contributed by flow diagrams and the completeness of reporting overall in reports of randomized controlled trials ...

We address the question whether the properties of the observed latitude-time diagram of sunspot occurence (the butterfly diagram) provide evidence for the operation of a flux-transport dynamo, which explains the migration of the sunspot zones and the period of the solar cycle in terms of a deep equatorward meridional flow. We show that the properties of the butterfly diagram are equally well re...

BACKGROUND The Quality of Reporting of Meta-analyses (QUOROM) statement provides guidance for improving the quality of reporting of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. To make the process of study selection transparent it recommends "a flow diagram providing information about the number of RCTs identified, included, and excluded and the reasons for excluding them". We undertook an empirical s...

abstract given the importance of environmental cycles had led to allocation of water-right for water species and ecosystems which is known as environmental flow or in stream flow. from among the various methods for estimating environmental flow, building block approach is considered as a very powerful tool for estimating the water needs. in this paper, beside simplifying the building block appr...

Simulations of environmental processes are usually modelled by partial differential equations that are approximated with numerical methods, based on regular grids. An attractive alternative for simulating a fluid flow is the FreeLagrange Method (FLM). In this paper, I discuss the use of the FLM—based on the Voronoi diagram (VD)—for the modelling of fluid flow in three dimensions (e.g. the movem...

The core of the SOZL(structured methodology + object-oriented methodology + Z language) is Predicate Data Flow Diagram. In order to eliminate the ambiguity of predicate data flow diagrams and their associated textual specifications, a formalization of the syntax and semantics of predicate data flow diagrams are necessary. In this paper we use Z notation to define an abstract syntax and the rela...

The research work of Wil van der Aalst, Arthur ter Hofstede, Bartek Kiepuszewski, and Alistair Barros has resulted in the identification of 21 patterns that describe the behavior of business processes. This paper reviews how two graphical process modeling notations, tShe BPMN Business Process Diagram from the Business Process Management Initiative (BPMI), and the UML 2.0 Activity Diagram from t...

In this paper, we characterize a Wigmore Diagram as an information-flow network. A fuzzy approach to weighing the strength of the evidence as defined in a Wigmore Diagram is defined and compared to the well-known probabilistic approach.

We propose a novel approach to pedestrian flow characterization. The definitions of density, flow and velocity existing in the literature are extended through a data-driven spatio-temporal discretization framework. The framework is based on three-dimensional Voronoi diagrams. The new definitions are (i) independent from an arbitrarily chosen discretization; (ii) appropriate for the multi-direct...