Emerging diseases are increasing burdens on public health, negatively affecting the world economy, causing extinction of species, and disrupting ecological integrity. One Health recognizes that human, domestic animal, and wildlife health are interconnected within ecosystem health and provides a framework for the development of multidisciplinary solutions to global health challenges. To date, mo...

BACKGROUND Source reduction, defined as chemical, equipment and process changes that intervene in an industrial process to eliminate or reduce hazards, has not figured as a front-line strategy for the protection of workers' health. Such initiatives are popular for environmental protection, but their feasibility and effectiveness as an industrial hygiene approach have not been well described. ...

Allergic asthma continues to represent a huge health burden worldwide and is largely treated by non-selective immunosuppressive drugs, which often prove ineffective. The hygiene hypothesis proposes that the increased incidence of allergy and asthma in Western countries observed in the last 50 years is due to environmental changes that include improved hygiene and a lack of infections. The immun...

IARC, Lyon, France; Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Uomo e dell’Ambiente, Universita’ di Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Institute of Hygiene, Public Health, Health Services and Management, Bucharest, Romania; Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia; Department of Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland; National Institute of Env...

The hygiene hypothesis links environmental and microbial exposures in early life to the prevalence of atopy, allergy, and asthma. Helicobacter pylori infection is typically acquired in childhood and acquisition of the infection is associated with poor household hygiene. Some population surveys have shown an inverse association between H. pylori infection and atopy, allergy, and asthma leading t...

BACKGROUND Nosocomial transmission is the second most frequent cause of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. A prospective observational study was conducted to assess the roles of environmental contamination and noncompliance with standard precautions in HCV cross-transmission in a hemodialysis unit. METHODS Patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis in a French university hospital unit were syst...

*Toxicology Group, Wageningen University and Research Center, 6703 HE Wageningen, The Netherlands; † Medical Institute of Environmental Hygiene, Department of Neurobehavioral Toxicology, Düsseldorf, Germany; ‡Laboratory Animal Center, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, The Netherlands; §Department of Environmental Chemistry, Wallenberg Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stock...

BACKGROUND Healthcare facility hand hygiene impacts patient care, healthcare worker safety, and infection control, but low-income countries have few data to guide interventions. AIM To conduct a nationally representative survey of hand hygiene infrastructure and behaviour in Bangladeshi healthcare facilities to establish baseline data to aid policy. METHODS The 2013 Bangladesh National Hygi...