We present equivalent circuit models of skeletal muscle tissue for the directions parallel and transverse to the fiber. The parallel model is based on a distributed parameter equivalent circuit approach where the tissue between the electrodes is divided into small segments, each of which is represented by an equivalent circuit. Parameters for the equivalent circuits are calculated from the elec...

We present a summary of the simulation exercise carried out within the EC Cost Action P11 on the rigorous modeling of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with an elliptically deformed core and noncircular air holes with a high fill factor. The aim of the exercise is to calculate using different numerical methods and to compare several fiber characteristics, such as the spectral dependence of the phase...

The variation in the viscous damping coefficient with carbon fiber angle can be evaluated using partial derivatives of respect to resonance frequency and modal ratio. However, direct were not effective solutions sensitivity analysis carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) structures because from binding matrix was changed over angle. If identified coefficients assumed equivalent values parallel ...

Conditions for which strain-based and stress-based failure criteria are mathematically equivalent in elastic media are explored by expressing the criteria in the spectral eigenspace of the elasticity tensor. For scalar-valued quadratic criteria that are homogeneous functions of degree one, stressbased and strain-based criteria are most likely to be mathematically equivalent when the criteria’s ...

We consider the class of Rn extensions of Anosov diffeomorphisms on infranilmanifolds, and find necessary and sufficient conditions for topological transitivity. In particular, if the fiber is R, the existence of a semi-orbit with the projection on R unbounded from above and from below is equivalent to topological transitivity. We also show that in the above class topological transitivity and s...

Multi-diameter single fiber reflectance (MDSFR) spectroscopy enables quantitative measurement of tissue optical properties, including the reduced scattering coefficient and the phase function parameter γ. However, the accuracy and speed of the procedure are currently limited by the need for co-localized measurements using multiple fiber optic probes with different fiber diameters. This study de...

BACKGROUND Previous research has estimated that wasted food in the United States contains between 1,249 and 1,400 kcal per capita per day, but little is known about amounts of other nutrients embedded in the 31% to 40% of food that is wasted. OBJECTIVE This research aimed to calculate the nutritional value of food wasted at the retail and consumer levels in the US food supply, and contextuali...

In 1976 Marcuse developed an equivalent index model to predict the effects of bending in waveguides, and predicted deformation of the spatial modes in bent optical fibers. Perturbative approaches have been previously applied and tested to predict the behavior of single- and few-moded-fibers. However, much more significant mode deformation has been predicted for large-mode-area fibers than for s...

1. Two vector bundles E and F over the finite connected CW complex X are /-equivalent, if their sphere-bundles S(E) and S(F) are of the same fiber-homotopy type. If they become /-equivalent after a suitable number of trivial bundles is added to both of them they are stably /-equivalent. This note concerns itself with a new stable /-invariant 6(E), which was suggested by the recent work of Atiya...