One of the major problems in serodiagnosis in wild animals is unavailability of specific antiglobulin conjugate. Our study focuses on validation of Protein A/G dependent ELISA in game animals like deer and mouflons as well as in hunting dogs. Binding ability of Protein A/G-conjugate to antibodies was the highest in dogs followed by fallow deer and mouflons. Three different whole cell Borrelia a...

Modeling land allocation for different land uses at regional level is a multi-dimensional problem, as it is influenced by spatial, temporal and dynamics of environmental and socio-economic factors in the complex process of land use change. It is therefore a challenge to develop a proper model that can handle these complexities. In this context, a new model has been conceptualized and developed....

Abstract Predation risk is known to affect the spatial use of prey species, imposing a trade-off between feeding requirements and predation avoidance. As result, species can leave high-quality forage areas sub-optimal, but safer, habitat patches, defined as “refuge areas.” In this study, we describe changes in an introduced ungulate Mediterranean mouflon Ovis aries musimon, following recoloniza...

Modeling the dependency between stock market returns is a difficult task when returns follow a complicated dynamics. It is not easy to specify the multivariate distribution relating two or more return series. In this paper, a methodology based on fitting ARIMA, GARCH and ARMA-GARCH models and copula functions is applied. In such methodology, the dependency parameter can easily be rendered condi...

We carried out a cross-sectional study with cluster random sampling to study the status of wife abuse in Esfahan from April to July 2002. We interviewed 386 married women using a standard questionnaire. Mean age was 35.7 years (range 15-78 years). Prevalence of wife abuse was 36.8%; incidence was 29.3%. Types of abuse included inattention to wife's feelings 44.8%, threatening to prevent communi...